{"id":730983,"date":"2018-08-30T21:35:19","date_gmt":"2018-08-30T21:35:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3-%d8%ab%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%84-%d8%ac%d9%88%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%87%d9%84-%d9%87%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%83-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%82\/"},"modified":"2018-08-30T21:35:19","modified_gmt":"2018-08-30T21:35:19","slug":"%d9%85%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3-%d8%ab%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%84-%d8%ac%d9%88%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%87%d9%84-%d9%87%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%83-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/ar\/%d9%85%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3-%d8%ab%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%84-%d8%ac%d9%88%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%87%d9%84-%d9%87%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%83-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"tags-wrap\">\n<p class=\"content-index\" style=\"margin-top: 0;\">\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649<\/p>\n<ol style=\"font-weight: 400; margin: 0 30px; line-height: 22px;\">\n<li><a href=\"#How_to_construct_a_Thurstone_Scale\">\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Thurstone\u061f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#How_to_construct_a_Guttman_Scale\">\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u061f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#Thurstone_vs_Guttman_Scale\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-62577\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Thurstone-vs-Guttman-scale_Final1.jpg\" alt=\"\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\" width=\"992\" height=\"594\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0644<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/audience\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/span><\/a> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/article\/survey-question-answer-type.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/nominal-ordinal-interval-ratio\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 (\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f). <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0644<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/article\/likert-scale-survey-questions.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062a<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 Thurstone \u0648 Guttman \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/what-is-research\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Thurstone \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/interval-scale\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/a> \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a 1944-1950 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u060c \u0623\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 &#8211; \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"square-cta secondary-lined-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/a\/showEntry.do?mode=audience&amp;sourceRef=blog-audience\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"How_to_construct_a_Thurstone_Scale\" class=\"blankurl\"><\/a><b>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Thurstone\u061f<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646. Thurstone \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Thurstone \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642&#8221; \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Thurstone \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f:<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/nominal-scale\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Thurstone: <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 1:<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f &#8211; \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a &#8211; <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 2:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0647 3: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 11 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 11 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0624\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a &#8211; \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/ordinal-data\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/a> \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f:<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/ordinal-scale\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 11. \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644. <\/span><\/p>\n<table class=\"table-border\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0649. \u0631\u0642\u0645<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 <\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. <\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">8.2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5.9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. <\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">9.5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. <\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5.5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647. <\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1.8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">6<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629. <\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4.3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Thurstone. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u0627. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0645 1 \u0648 3 \u0648 5 \u060c \u0641\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 Thurstone = 8.2 + 9.5 + 1.8 \/ 3 = 6.5 <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 Thurstone = \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \/ \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f:<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/interval-scale\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"How_to_construct_a_Guttman_Scale\" class=\"blankurl\"><\/a><b>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u061f<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a \u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u060c \u064a\u064f\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/what-is-a-dichotomous-question\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b &#8220;\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 &#8211; \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642&#8221; \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u0646\u0639\u0645 &#8211; \u0644\u0627&#8221;.<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 &#8211; <\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/survey-templates\/customer-satisfaction-surveys\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/employee-engagement-survey-questions-2\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 &#8211; \u0641\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 &#8211; \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 1:<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646:<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0641\u064a <\/span>\u0645\u0633\u062d . <\/p>\n<p><b>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 2:<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628.<\/span> <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 80 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 3:<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 &#8211;<\/span><b>  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 80-100 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/rating-scale\/\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641<\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644: \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/help\/matrix-multipoint-scale-question.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629<\/span><\/a> .<\/p>\n<table class=\"table-border\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 1<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 3 <\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 4<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 5<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 6<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 7<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">12<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">18<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">21<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">25<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">30<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 7 \u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0623\u064a &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 1 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 6. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 5 \u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 &#8211; \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 4. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/data-collection\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/a> \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f:<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/article\/market-research-surveys-guide.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/span> \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/quantitative-data\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628.<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><b>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 5:<\/b> \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 &#8211; <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646.<\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/features\/survey-respondents.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 [can be kept out of the scale]<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"square-cta secondary-lined-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/a\/showEntry.do?mode=audience&amp;sourceRef=blog-audience\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"Thurstone_vs_Guttman_Scale\" class=\"blankurl\"><\/a><b>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/b><\/h3>\n<table class=\"table-border\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 <\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 <\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 1-11 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639. <\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Thurstone \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. <\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u060c \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d. <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Thurstone \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0639\u0645 \/ \u0644\u0627.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Thurstone<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Thurstone \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. <\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 &#8211; \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/margin-of-error\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u062e\u0637\u0623<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/span> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Thurstone\u061f \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u061f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":86,"featured_media":621925,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1113,1119],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u061f | QuestionPro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 Thurstone \u0648 Guttman \u0647\u064a 2 \u0645\u0646 3 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 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