{"id":109743,"date":"2020-09-01T07:00:25","date_gmt":"2020-09-01T14:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/?p=109743"},"modified":"2024-05-14T10:07:46","modified_gmt":"2024-05-14T17:07:46","slug":"o-que-sao-dados-ordinais","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/o-que-sao-dados-ordinais\/","title":{"rendered":"O que s\u00e3o dados ordinais?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Para entender o que s\u00e3o dados ordinais, come\u00e7amos dizendo que s\u00e3o um tipo estat\u00edstico de <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">dados <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/metodologia-quantitativa-de-pesquisa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">quantitativos<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nas estat\u00edsticas, um grupo de n\u00fameros ordinais indica dados ordinais e um grupo de dados ordinais \u00e9 representado usando uma <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">escala ordinal<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A principal diferen\u00e7a entre <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/quais-sao-os-dados-nominais\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dados nominais<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0e ordinais \u00e9 que os ordinais t\u00eam uma ordem de categorias enquanto que os nominais n\u00e3o t\u00eam.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Saiba mais sobre <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/dados-quantitativos.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dados quantitativos<\/a>.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>5 caracter\u00edsticas dos dados ordinais<\/h2>\n<p>Veja esse exemplo de pergunta antes de conhecer essas caracter\u00edsticas:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qual das seguintes categorias descreve melhor sua \u00faltima experi\u00eancia de compra com um produto\/servi\u00e7o?<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Muito agrad\u00e1vel<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pouco agrad\u00e1vel<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neutro<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pouco desagrad\u00e1vel<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Muito desagrad\u00e1vel<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Estabelecer uma classifica\u00e7\u00e3o relativa: <\/b>No exemplo acima mencionado, <em>pouco agrad\u00e1vel<\/em> \u00e9 definitivamente pior do que <em>muito agrad\u00e1vel<\/em> e <em>muito desagrad\u00e1vel<\/em> \u00e9 pior do que um <em>pouco desagrad\u00e1vel<\/em>. H\u00e1 claramente uma classifica\u00e7\u00e3o dentro das op\u00e7\u00f5es &#8211; o que \u00e9 um sinal de dados ordinais.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>O valor do intervalo \u00e9 desconhecido:<\/b> a varia\u00e7\u00e3o entre muito agrad\u00e1vel e algo agrad\u00e1vel n\u00e3o precisa ser a mesma que a diferen\u00e7a entre algo desagrad\u00e1vel e muito desagrad\u00e1vel. Este intervalo n\u00e3o pode ser conclu\u00eddo usando a escala ordinal.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Medir tra\u00e7os n\u00e3o-num\u00e9ricos: <\/b>No exemplo dado, todas as op\u00e7\u00f5es de resposta s\u00e3o n\u00e3o-num\u00e9ricas e dados igualmente ordinais podem ser usados para capturar sentimentos tais como satisfa\u00e7\u00e3o, felicidade, frequ\u00eancia, etc.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Adi\u00e7\u00e3o aos dados nominais: <\/b>Os dados nominais s\u00e3o dados &#8220;rotulados&#8221; em uma ordem espec\u00edfica. Na amostra acima mencionada, h\u00e1 uma ordem not\u00e1vel nas op\u00e7\u00f5es que a torna um caso cl\u00e1ssico de dados ordinais.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Os dados ordinais t\u00eam uma mediana: <\/b>A mediana \u00e9 o valor no meio mas n\u00e3o o valor m\u00e9dio de uma escala e pode ser calculada com dados que t\u00eam uma ordem inata.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>Exemplo cl\u00e1ssico de dado ordinal<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Para uma pergunta como: <\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Por favor, expresse a import\u00e2ncia que o pre\u00e7o tem para voc\u00ea adquirir um produto.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/escala_likert\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Escala Likert<\/a> ter\u00e1 as seguintes op\u00e7\u00f5es que s\u00e3o codificadas para 1,2,3,4 e 5. Onde 1 \u00e9 inferior a 2, que \u00e9 inferior a 3, que \u00e9 inferior a 4, que por sua vez \u00e9 inferior a 5.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: separate; border: 1px solid black; width: 100%; height: 85px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 96px;\">\n<td style=\"border-collapse: separate; border: 1px solid black; width: 26.6553%; height: 61px; text-align: center;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Muito importante<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"border-collapse: separate; border: 1px solid black; width: 17.4494%; height: 61px; text-align: center;\"><strong>Importante<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"border-collapse: separate; border: 1px solid black; width: 15.2492%; height: 61px; text-align: center;\"><strong>Neutra<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"border-collapse: separate; border: 1px solid black; width: 23.4191%; height: 61px; text-align: center;\"><strong>Sem import\u00e2ncia<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"border-collapse: separate; border: 1px solid black; width: 30.5595%; height: 61px; text-align: center;\"><strong>Muito pouco importante<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<td style=\"border-collapse: separate; border: 1px solid black; width: 26.6553%; height: 24px; text-align: center;\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-collapse: separate; border: 1px solid black; width: 17.4494%; height: 24px; text-align: center;\">2<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-collapse: separate; border: 1px solid black; width: 15.2492%; height: 24px; text-align: center;\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-collapse: separate; border: 1px solid black; width: 23.4191%; height: 24px; text-align: center;\">4<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-collapse: separate; border: 1px solid black; width: 30.5595%; height: 24px; text-align: center;\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os dados ordinais s\u00e3o assim uma cole\u00e7\u00e3o de vari\u00e1veis ordinais, ou seja, se voc\u00ea tiver vari\u00e1veis em uma ordem particular &#8211; &#8220;baixa, m\u00e9dia, alta&#8221;, elas podem ser representadas como dados ordinais.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u00e1 2 fatores importantes a serem considerado:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Existem m\u00faltiplos termos que representam &#8220;ordem&#8221;, tais como &#8220;Alto, Mais Alto, Mais Alto&#8221; ou &#8220;Satisfeito, Insatisfeito, Extremamente Insatisfeito&#8221;.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A diferen\u00e7a entre as vari\u00e1veis n\u00e3o \u00e9 uniforme.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Outros exemplos de dados ordinais<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Em uma escola com 3000 alunos, h\u00e1 v\u00e1rias categorias &#8211; calouros, alunos do segundo grau, juniores, seniores. Ap\u00f3s o in\u00edcio do per\u00edodo escolar, esta \u00e9 a contagem de cada categoria:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1000 &#8211; Calouros<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">750 &#8211; J\u00faniores<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">450 &#8211; Seniors<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uma organiza\u00e7\u00e3o realiza uma pesquisa trimestral de satisfa\u00e7\u00e3o dos funcion\u00e1rios que destaca principalmente esta quest\u00e3o: <em>&#8220;O quanto voc\u00ea est\u00e1 feliz com seu gerente e seus colegas&#8221;?<\/em><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Extremamente Feliz &#8211; 1<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Feliz &#8211; 2<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neural &#8211; 3<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Infeliz &#8211; 4<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Extremamente Infeliz \u2013 5<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">De acordo com suas prefer\u00eancias, por favor, classifique estes 5 livros mais vendidos:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fire and Fury \u2013 1<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership \u2013 2<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Woman in the Window \u2013 3<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Great Alone \u2013 4<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good Life \u2013 5<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<h2>An\u00e1lise de dados ordinais<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>M\u00e9todos f\u00e1ceis<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u00e3o apresentados em um formato tabular que facilita a an\u00e1lise para o pesquisador. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os gr\u00e1ficos em mosaico tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o usados para estabelecer a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre os dados nominais e ordinais.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Por exemplo, se uma organiza\u00e7\u00e3o pretende analisar o n\u00famero de funcion\u00e1rios em cada hierarquia para fazer um processo sistem\u00e1tico de contrata\u00e7\u00e3o para o ano seguinte &#8211; eles podem colocar estes dados em um formato tabular ordenado. Os executivos de RH achar\u00e3o estes dados extremamente f\u00e1ceis de consultar e analisar para qualquer atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o futura.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Teste Mann-Whitney U:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Para <strong>comparar dois grupos de dados ordinais<\/strong>. Permite a um pesquisador concluir que uma vari\u00e1vel de uma amostra \u00e9 maior ou menor do que outra vari\u00e1vel selecionada aleatoriamente de outra amostra.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Por exemplo, um <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/psychographic-segmentation\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pesquisador psicol\u00f3gico<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pode compreender v\u00e1rios padr\u00f5es de comportamento existentes para que uma an\u00e1lise de dois medicamentos diferentes possa ser observada e avaliada.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Teste Kruskal-Wallis H:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Para <strong>comparar mais de dois grupos ordinais.<\/strong>\u00a0 N\u00e3o h\u00e1 nenhuma suposi\u00e7\u00e3o de que os dados est\u00e3o vindo de uma fonte particular. Este teste conclui se a mediana de dois ou mais grupos \u00e9 variada. Ele mostrar\u00e1 a diferen\u00e7a entre mais de dois grupos de dados ordinais.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Por exemplo, se um pesquisador pretende avaliar o impacto do estresse no trabalho sobre a qualidade do trabalho &#8211; a vari\u00e1vel independente ser\u00e1 o estresse no trabalho, que idealmente ter\u00e1 tr\u00eas est\u00e1gios: sem estresse, muito estresse e estresse manipul\u00e1vel e a qualidade do trabalho variar\u00e1 de pobre a excelente.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Agora j\u00e1 sabe o que s\u00e3o <strong>dados ordinais<\/strong>,<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00e9 hora de come\u00e7ar a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/tour\/\">pesquisar<\/a>.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Lembre-se que na<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">QuestionPro<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> temos as ferramentas de <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/tour\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pesquisa online<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> e tamb\u00e9m <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/mobile\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">offline<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> que voc\u00ea precisa para o seu neg\u00f3cio decolar! Agende uma demonstra\u00e7\u00e3o sem compromisso, totalmente gratuita e em portugu\u00eas e conhe\u00e7a todos os<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">recursos que temos dispon\u00edveis em nossas <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/features\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">diferentes licen\u00e7as<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/demonstracaovirtual.questionpro.com\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-109079 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/bota\u0303o-demo-1-300x46.png\" alt=\"agendar demonstra\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"300\" height=\"46\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-109585 size-full alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/linha.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"755\" height=\"40\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/questionpro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109606 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/facebook-e1597935894781.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UC7BZDtLJ0mdrVqrVtyToMTw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109648 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/youtube-e1597935924174.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/QuestionProBr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109634 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/twitter-e1597936001521.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/questionprobr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109620 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/instagram-e1597936031661.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/questionpro-br\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109627 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/linkedin-e1597935985111.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" \/><\/a>\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/529985250894?text=Gostaria%20de%20mais%20informa%C3%A7%C3%B5es%2C%20voc%C3%AA%20pode%20me%20ajudar%3F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109641 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/whatsapp-e1597935950389.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Para entender o que s\u00e3o dados ordinais, come\u00e7amos dizendo que s\u00e3o um tipo estat\u00edstico de dados quantitativos. Nas estat\u00edsticas, um [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":109758,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[223,217,214],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que s\u00e3o dados ordinais? | QuestionPro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sabe o que s\u00e3o dados ordinais? S\u00e3o um tipo estat\u00edstico de dados quantitativos com vari\u00e1veis em categorias ordenadas de concorr\u00eancia natural. 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