{"id":70426,"date":"2022-05-04T02:00:15","date_gmt":"2022-05-04T09:00:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/?p=70426"},"modified":"2025-01-16T11:26:56","modified_gmt":"2025-01-16T18:26:56","slug":"correlacao-de-pearson","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/correlacao-de-pearson\/","title":{"rendered":"Correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson: de que trata esse coeficiente?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O coeficiente de correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson \u00e9 <em>um teste que mede a rela\u00e7\u00e3o estat\u00edstica entre duas vari\u00e1veis cont\u00ednuas.<\/em> Se a associa\u00e7\u00e3o entre os elementos n\u00e3o for linear, o coeficiente n\u00e3o ser\u00e1 representado adequadamente.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O coeficiente de correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson pode ter um intervalo de valores de +1 a -1. Um valor de 0 indica que n\u00e3o h\u00e1 associa\u00e7\u00e3o entre as duas vari\u00e1veis. Um valor maior que 0 indica uma associa\u00e7\u00e3o positiva. Isto \u00e9, \u00e0 medida que o valor de uma vari\u00e1vel aumenta, o mesmo acontece com o valor da outra vari\u00e1vel. Um valor menor que 0 indica uma associa\u00e7\u00e3o negativa. Isto \u00e9, \u00e0 medida que o valor de uma vari\u00e1vel aumenta, o valor da outra diminui.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Para realizar a correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio cumprir o seguinte:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A escala de medi\u00e7\u00e3o deve ser uma escala ou rela\u00e7\u00e3o de intervalo;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As vari\u00e1veis devem ser aproximadamente distribu\u00eddas;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A associa\u00e7\u00e3o deve ser linear;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00e3o deve haver valores at\u00edpicos nos dados.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Veja e aprenda: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/help\/statistical-terms-in-reports.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Termos estat\u00edsticos utilizados em relat\u00f3rios<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Como o coeficiente de Correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson \u00e9 calculado<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A f\u00f3rmula do coeficiente de correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson \u00e9 a seguinte:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"217\" height=\"114\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/1-1.png\" alt=\"coeficiente de correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson\" class=\"wp-image-70427\" style=\"width:327px;height:171px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><br>Imagem: F\u00f3rmula de <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson <\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-normal-font-size\" style=\"color:#ff9f00\"><strong>Onde<\/strong>: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;X&#8221; \u00e9 igual \u00e0 vari\u00e1vel n\u00famero um<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;Y&#8221; pertence \u00e0 vari\u00e1vel n\u00famero dois<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;ZX&#8221; \u00e9 o desvio padr\u00e3o da vari\u00e1vel um<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;ZY&#8221; \u00e9 o desvio padr\u00e3o da vari\u00e1vel dois<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;N&#8221; \u00e9 n\u00famero de dados.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">I<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nterpreta\u00e7\u00e3o do coeficiente<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O coeficiente de correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson tem o objetivo de indicar como as duas vari\u00e1veis associadas est\u00e3o entre si, assim:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><b>Correla\u00e7\u00e3o menor que zero:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> se a correla\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 menor que zero, significa que \u00e9 <em>negativo<\/em>, isto \u00e9, que as vari\u00e1veis s\u00e3o inversamente relacionadas.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Quando o valor de alguma vari\u00e1vel \u00e9 alto, o valor da outra vari\u00e1vel \u00e9 baixo. Quanto mais pr\u00f3ximo voc\u00ea estiver de -1, mais clara ser\u00e1 a covaria\u00e7\u00e3o extrema. Se o coeficiente \u00e9 igual a -1, nos referimos a uma correla\u00e7\u00e3o negativa perfeita.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><b>Correla\u00e7\u00e3o maior que zero: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">se a correla\u00e7\u00e3o for igual a +1, significa que \u00e9 perfeito positivo. Neste caso, significa que a correla\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 positiva, isto \u00e9, que as vari\u00e1veis est\u00e3o diretamente correlacionadas.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Quando o valor de uma vari\u00e1vel \u00e9 alto, o valor da outra vari\u00e1vel tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 alto, o mesmo acontece quando eles s\u00e3o baixos. Se estiver pr\u00f3ximo de +1, o coeficiente ser\u00e1 covariado.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><b>Correla\u00e7\u00e3o igual a zero:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Quando a correla\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 igual a zero, significa que n\u00e3o \u00e9 poss\u00edvel determinar qualquer senso de covaria\u00e7\u00e3o. No entanto, isso n\u00e3o significa que n\u00e3o haja rela\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o linear entre as vari\u00e1veis.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Quando as vari\u00e1veis s\u00e3o independentes, significa que elas est\u00e3o correlacionadas, mas isso significa que o resultado \u00e9 verdadeiro.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Leia tamb\u00e9m:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/melhores-praticas-pesquisa-mercado\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Melhores Pr\u00e1ticas para fazer pesquisa de mercado<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vantagens e desvantagens do coeficiente de correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Entre as principais vantagens est\u00e3o:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O valor \u00e9 independente de qualquer unidade usada para medir as vari\u00e1veis.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se a amostra for grande, a precis\u00e3o da estimativa \u00e9 mais prov\u00e1vel.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Algumas das desvantagens s\u00e3o:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c9 necess\u00e1rio que as duas vari\u00e1veis sejam medidas em um n\u00edvel quantitativo cont\u00ednuo.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A distribui\u00e7\u00e3o das vari\u00e1veis deve ser semelhante \u00e0 curva normal.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/a\/showEntry.do?lan=pt_BR\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1037\" height=\"454\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/cta.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-539944\" style=\"width:1060px;height:464px\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da Correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson em diferentes \u00e1reas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A Correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson \u00e9 uma medida amplamente utilizada em diversas \u00e1reas do conhecimento, como a psicologia, medicina, economia e engenharia. A seguir, alguns exemplos de sua aplica\u00e7\u00e3o nessas \u00e1reas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Psicologia<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson \u00e9 utilizada para avaliar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre vari\u00e1veis psicol\u00f3gicas, como a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre o desempenho em um teste de intelig\u00eancia e o desempenho em uma tarefa de mem\u00f3ria. Tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 utilizada para investigar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre comportamentos e caracter\u00edsticas psicol\u00f3gicas, como a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre a ansiedade e a frequ\u00eancia de comportamentos compulsivos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Confira:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/teste-de-personalidade-online\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dicas para um teste de personalidade online<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Medicina<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Na medicina, a correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson \u00e9 utilizada para avaliar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre vari\u00e1veis cl\u00ednicas, como a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre a press\u00e3o arterial e o risco de doen\u00e7as cardiovasculares. Al\u00e9m disso, \u00e9 utilizada para avaliar a efic\u00e1cia de tratamentos, como por exemplo, a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre a dosagem de um medicamento e a melhora dos sintomas de uma doen\u00e7a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Leia tamb\u00e9m:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/como-elaborar-uma-pesquisa-de-satisfacao-do-paciente\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Como elaborar uma pesquisa de satisfa\u00e7\u00e3o do paciente?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Economia<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Na economia, a correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson \u00e9 utilizada para avaliar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre vari\u00e1veis econ\u00f4micas, como a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre o n\u00edvel de emprego e o crescimento econ\u00f4mico. \u00c9 poss\u00edvel aplic\u00e1-la para avaliar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre vari\u00e1veis financeiras, como a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre o pre\u00e7o das a\u00e7\u00f5es e o desempenho de uma empresa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Engenharia<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p> Na engenharia, a correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson \u00e9 utilizada para avaliar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre vari\u00e1veis t\u00e9cnicas, como a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre a temperatura e a press\u00e3o em um processo industrial. Tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 poss\u00edvel avaliar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre vari\u00e1veis f\u00edsicas, como a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre a resist\u00eancia de um material e sua capacidade de suportar cargas mec\u00e2nicas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conhe\u00e7a outros tipos de correla\u00e7\u00f5es<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A Correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson \u00e9 uma das medidas mais comuns de correla\u00e7\u00e3o utilizadas na an\u00e1lise de dados, mas n\u00e3o \u00e9 a \u00fanica. Outras medidas de correla\u00e7\u00e3o incluem a correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Spearman, a correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Kendall e a correla\u00e7\u00e3o de ponto bisserial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Spearman<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Spearman \u00e9 uma medida de correla\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o param\u00e9trica que avalia a rela\u00e7\u00e3o monot\u00f4nica entre duas vari\u00e1veis, ou seja, <strong>n\u00e3o assume que as vari\u00e1veis est\u00e3o distribu\u00eddas normalmente<\/strong>. \u00c9 comumente usada quando as vari\u00e1veis apresentam uma rela\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o-linear ou quando h\u00e1 presen\u00e7a de outliers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aprenda mais: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/coeficiente-de-correlacao-de-spearman\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Saiba do que se trata coeficiente de correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Spearman<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Kendall<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Assim como a de Spearman, tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 uma medida de correla\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o param\u00e9trica, que avalia a rela\u00e7\u00e3o monot\u00f4nica entre duas vari\u00e1veis. <strong>\u00c9 especialmente \u00fatil quando h\u00e1 dados categ\u00f3ricos ou ordinais<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Correla\u00e7\u00e3o de ponto bisserial<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A correla\u00e7\u00e3o de ponto bisserial \u00e9 uma medida de correla\u00e7\u00e3o bivariada que avalia a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre uma vari\u00e1vel cont\u00ednua e uma vari\u00e1vel dicot\u00f4mica (bin\u00e1ria). \u00c9 comumente usada em pesquisas que avaliam a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre vari\u00e1veis psicol\u00f3gicas e de sa\u00fade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00c9 importante considerar qual medida de correla\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 mais adequada para uma determinada an\u00e1lise, levando em conta a natureza das vari\u00e1veis, a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o dos dados e o objetivo da an\u00e1lise<\/strong>. Cada medida de correla\u00e7\u00e3o tem suas vantagens e limita\u00e7\u00f5es, e a escolha da medida mais apropriada pode ajudar a garantir uma an\u00e1lise mais precisa e confi\u00e1vel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-larger-font-size\">Agora voc\u00ea conheceu a Correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson, est\u00e1 na hora de criar sua pesquisa de mercado. Para isso, use uma plataforma especializada no assunto&nbsp;<strong>para coletar os melhores insights<\/strong>.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<center>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/contactar.questionpro.com\/signup-brazil?custom1=correlacaodepearson\">\n<button style=\"background: #ff9f00;\">Criar conta gr\u00e1tis<\/button>\n<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/tour\/#ancora-formulario\">\n<button>Agendar demonstra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/button>\n<\/a>\n<\/center>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O coeficiente de correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson \u00e9 um teste que mede a rela\u00e7\u00e3o estat\u00edstica entre duas vari\u00e1veis cont\u00ednuas. Se a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":77,"featured_media":789638,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[221,243],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson: de que trata esse coeficiente?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Entenda o que \u00e9 o coeficiente de correla\u00e7\u00e3o de Pearson, os passos para calcul\u00e1-lo e a interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o deste m\u00e9todo de teste estat\u00edstico.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" 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