{"id":995080,"date":"2020-09-11T02:07:06","date_gmt":"2020-09-11T09:07:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/o-que-e-a-investigacao-quase-experimental\/"},"modified":"2025-01-24T10:37:50","modified_gmt":"2025-01-24T17:37:50","slug":"o-que-e-a-investigacao-quase-experimental","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt\/o-que-e-a-investigacao-quase-experimental\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <\/span><b>investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00e9 uma forma de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o experimental muito utilizada nas ci\u00eancias sociais e na psicologia. Embora seja considerado pouco cient\u00edfico e pouco fi\u00e1vel nas ci\u00eancias f\u00edsicas e biol\u00f3gicas, o m\u00e9todo \u00e9, no entanto, uma forma muito \u00fatil de medir vari\u00e1veis sociais. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vamos aprender mais sobre as suas carater\u00edsticas e as vantagens e desvantagens da sua aplica\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O que \u00e9 a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental \u00e9 um tipo de estudo que se caracteriza pelo facto de <strong>o objeto de estudo n\u00e3o ser selecionado aleatoriamente<\/strong>, mas ser encontrado ou estabelecido previamente.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A metodologia deste tipo de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 caracterizada como descritiva, que consiste na observa\u00e7\u00e3o do comportamento dos indiv\u00edduos e das diferentes vari\u00e1veis sociais e no registo de dados qualitativos e quantitativos. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental situa-se entre a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o experimental e a <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">experimental<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> e o <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">estudo observacional<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Sin embargo, no tiene el control de variables o de los elementos que intervienen en el contexto del sujeto de estudio. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carater\u00edsticas da investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental tem as seguintes carater\u00edsticas: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A popula\u00e7\u00e3o <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">popula\u00e7\u00e3o de estudo<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> que faz parte desta investiga\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o \u00e9 selecionada aleatoriamente; pelo contr\u00e1rio, o investigador seleciona grupos pr\u00e9-estabelecidos.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental <strong>\u00e9 da maior import\u00e2ncia para a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o aplicada<\/strong>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Embora tenha sido originalmente desenvolvido para a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o no sector da educa\u00e7\u00e3o, \u00e9 agora tamb\u00e9m utilizado no dom\u00ednio da psicologia para a realiza\u00e7\u00e3o de <strong>estudos sociais<\/strong>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Este tipo de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o centra-se na <strong>identifica\u00e7\u00e3o da forma como uma vari\u00e1vel independente est\u00e1 relacionada com a vari\u00e1vel dependente<\/strong> e no que esta produz.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental <strong>\u00e9 realizada no terreno<\/strong>, num ambiente onde o objeto de estudo se desenvolve naturalmente, o que reduz o controlo das vari\u00e1veis. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Passos para a realiza\u00e7\u00e3o de uma investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aqui tens um guia para te ajudar a fazer uma investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental correta: <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Sele\u00e7\u00e3o do grupo de estudo<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O primeiro passo para realizar uma investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase experimental \u00e9 selecionar o grupo a estudar e atribuir-lhe uma vari\u00e1vel. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Como j\u00e1 foi referido, isto n\u00e3o \u00e9 feito de forma aleat\u00f3ria, mas em grupos estabelecidos, como trabalhadores hospitalares, estudantes de um curso universit\u00e1rio, etc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Executa o estudo:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Recorda que a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental se baseia principalmente na metodologia descritiva e na an\u00e1lise de dados quantitativos e qualitativos. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">dados quantitativos e qualitativos<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Analisa os resultados: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An\u00e1lise dos dados <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">consiste em identificar a influ\u00eancia das vari\u00e1veis independentes sobre as vari\u00e1veis dependentes e as suas consequ\u00eancias. Entre os elementos que s\u00e3o analisados e os comportamentos sociais. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Tirar conclus\u00f5es: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depois de analisar a informa\u00e7\u00e3o obtida, \u00e9 importante tirar conclus\u00f5es e apresentar os resultados \u00e0s partes interessadas para criar estrat\u00e9gias para resolver o problema. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u00e9todos de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimentais <\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Para realizar corretamente uma investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase experimental, \u00e9 essencial que os investigadores seleccionem <strong>entre dois tipos de concep\u00e7\u00f5es<\/strong> que dar\u00e3o sentido ao processo. <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Desenhos transversais<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">estudos transversais<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> s\u00e3o utilizados para comparar diferentes grupos em pontos espec\u00edficos no tempo. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Com este tipo de conce\u00e7\u00e3o, n\u00e3o \u00e9 poss\u00edvel tirar uma conclus\u00e3o geral, mas sim <strong>medir uma vari\u00e1vel num momento espec\u00edfico<\/strong>. <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Desenhos longitudinais<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">investiga\u00e7\u00e3o longitudinal<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> tem por objetivo estudar as mudan\u00e7as pelas quais passa o sujeito do estudo ao longo de um per\u00edodo de tempo cont\u00ednuo. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Estas concep\u00e7\u00f5es consistem em selecionar diferentes medidas da vari\u00e1vel para cada sujeito do estudo, que pode ser uma pessoa ou um grupo de pessoas que formam uma unidade.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vantagens e desvantagens da realiza\u00e7\u00e3o de uma investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental <\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eis alguns pontos a considerar se decidires utilizar a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase experimental no teu pr\u00f3ximo projeto:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vantagens<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As principais vantagens de realizar este tipo de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o incluem:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ao contr\u00e1rio de outros tipos de <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">investiga\u00e7\u00e3o social<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a pesquisa quase-experimental<strong> trabalha com grupos j\u00e1 estabelecidos<\/strong>, com as carater\u00edsticas necess\u00e1rias para a realiza\u00e7\u00e3o do estudo e acess\u00edveis, o que facilita o processo.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Este tipo de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o \u00e9 muito preciso, mas \u00e9 poss\u00edvel ao investigador <strong>identificar tend\u00eancias gerais<\/strong>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental, ao contr\u00e1rio de outros m\u00e9todos tradicionais, <strong>\u00e9 f\u00e1cil de realizar<\/strong> e n\u00e3o requer a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de grandes recursos financeiros.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Por \u00faltimo, a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental pode ser efectuada <strong>tanto para casos individuais como para grupos<\/strong>. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Desvantagens<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Algumas das desvantagens da realiza\u00e7\u00e3o de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental s\u00e3o:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ao impedir os investigadores de efectuarem uma <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">amostragem aleat\u00f3ria<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00e9 poss\u00edvel que os dados recolhidos sejam <strong>tendenciosos<\/strong>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os investigadores <strong>n\u00e3o est\u00e3o conscientes do contexto do objeto de estudo<\/strong>. Isto pode levar a resultados inexactos e a conclus\u00f5es diferentes. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Por vezes, os sujeitos do estudo alteram o seu comportamento quando sabem que est\u00e3o num <strong>processo de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se o processo for feito corretamente e se escolheres o m\u00e9todo adequado ao teu projeto, poder\u00e1s obter excelentes resultados.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conclui:<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental pode ser uma ferramenta muito poderosa, especialmente em situa\u00e7\u00f5es em que as experi\u00eancias &#8220;reais&#8221; n\u00e3o s\u00e3o poss\u00edveis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u00e3o uma boa forma de obteres uma vis\u00e3o geral e depois seguires com um estudo de caso ou uma investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quantitativa. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quantitativa <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">para te concentrares nas raz\u00f5es dos resultados obtidos.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<br>\n<center>\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/eu.questionpro.com\/a\/showEntry.do?lan=pt_PT&#038;custom1=blog\">\n        <button style=\"background: #ff9f00; border: none; cursor: default;\">Cria uma conta gratuita<\/button>\n    <\/a>\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/contactar.questionpro.com\/t\/AM4X9Z3LxD?custom1=investiga\u00e7\u00e3o-quase-experimental\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <button style=\"border: none; cursor: default;\">Agendar uma demonstra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/button>\n    <\/a>\n<\/center>\n<br>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental \u00e9 uma forma de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o experimental muito utilizada nas ci\u00eancias sociais e na psicologia. Embora seja considerado [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":948787,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2534,2140],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quase-experimental?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A investiga\u00e7\u00e3o quasi-experimental envolve a observa\u00e7\u00e3o de um grupo de estudo estabelecido. 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