{"id":729930,"date":"2018-07-05T23:01:23","date_gmt":"2018-07-06T06:01:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/nominal-veriler-tanim-ozellikler-ve-ornekler\/"},"modified":"2018-07-05T23:01:23","modified_gmt":"2018-07-05T23:01:23","slug":"nominal-veriler-tanim-ozellikler-ve-ornekler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/nominal-veriler-tanim-ozellikler-ve-ornekler\/","title":{"rendered":"Nominal Veriler: Tan\u0131m, \u00d6zellikler ve \u00d6rnekler"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-59212 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/53-infographic1-1.jpg\" alt=\"Nominal Veriler\" width=\"992\" height=\"594\"><\/h2>\n<h2>Nominal Veri Tan\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nominal veriler, birbiriyle \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmeyen \u00e7e\u015fitli gruplara ayr\u0131labilen &#8220;etiketli&#8221; veya &#8220;adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f&#8221; verilerdir. Bu durumda veriler \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmez veya de\u011ferlendirilmez, sadece birden fazla gruba atan\u0131r. Bu gruplar benzersizdir ve hi\u00e7bir ortak unsurlar\u0131 yoktur. Toplanan verilerin s\u0131ras\u0131 nominal veriler kullan\u0131larak belirlenemez ve bu nedenle, verilerin s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirirseniz verilerin \u00f6nemi de\u011fi\u015fmeyecektir.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Latince isimlendirmede &#8220;Nomen&#8221; &#8211; \u0130sim anlam\u0131na gelir. Nominal veriler \u00e7e\u015fitli kalemler aras\u0131nda bir benzerlik g\u00f6stermektedir ancak bu benzerli\u011fe ili\u015fkin ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar a\u00e7\u0131klanmayabilir. Bu sadece ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar i\u00e7in veri toplama ve analiz s\u00fcrecini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7indir. Baz\u0131 durumlarda nominal veriler &#8220;Kategorik Veriler&#8221; olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  \u0130kili veri &#8220;iki de\u011ferli&#8221; veriyi temsil ediyorsa, nominal veri &#8220;\u00e7ok de\u011ferli&#8221; veriyi temsil eder ve nicel olamaz. Nominal verilerin kesikli oldu\u011fu kabul edilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir k\u00f6pek Labrador olabilir ya da olmayabilir.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinin: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/nominal-scale\/\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nominal \u00d6l\u00e7ek<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Nominal Verilerin \u00d6zellikleri<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu soruyu kullanarak nominal verilerin \u00f6zelliklerini tart\u0131\u015fal\u0131m:  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Etnik k\u00f6keniniz nedir? &#8211;  <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Orta Asya<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Endonezce<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bat\u0131 Asya<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Japonca<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Nominal veriler asla say\u0131salla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamaz:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  Nominal veriler her zaman bir isimlendirme \u015feklinde olacakt\u0131r, yani Asya \u00fclkelerine g\u00f6nderilen bir ankette bu \u00f6rnekte oldu\u011fu gibi bir soru yer alabilir.  <\/span>Burada verilerin istatistiksel, mant\u0131ksal veya say\u0131sal analizi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir, yani bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 toplanan verileri toplayamaz, \u00e7\u0131karamaz veya \u00e7arpamaz ya da de\u011fi\u015fken 1&#8217;in de\u011fi\u015fken 2&#8217;den b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011fu sonucuna varamaz.<\/li>\n<li><b>S\u0131ra yoklu\u011fu:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/ordinal-data\/\">S\u0131ral\u0131 verilerin<\/a> aksine, nominal verilere de hi\u00e7bir zaman kesin bir s\u0131ra atanamaz. Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekte, cevap se\u00e7eneklerinin s\u0131ras\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n verdi\u011fi cevaplarla ilgili de\u011fildir.<\/li>\n<li><b>Niteliksel \u00f6zellik:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Toplanan veriler her zaman niteliksel bir \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip olacakt\u0131r &#8211; cevap se\u00e7eneklerinin niteliksel olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksektir. <\/span> <\/li>\n<li><b>Ortalamay\u0131 hesaplayam\u0131yorum:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  Nominal verilerin ortalamas\u0131, veriler alfabetik s\u0131raya g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olsa bile belirlenemez. Yukar\u0131da belirtilen \u00f6rnekte, se\u00e7eneklerin niteliksel do\u011fas\u0131 nedeniyle bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n etnik k\u00f6kenler i\u00e7in verilen yan\u0131tlar\u0131n ortalamas\u0131n\u0131 hesaplamas\u0131 imkans\u0131zd\u0131r.  <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Bir Mod sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131n:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  Geni\u015f bir \u00f6rneklem grubundan tercihlerini bildirmeleri istendi\u011finde en yayg\u0131n cevap mod olacakt\u0131r. Verilen \u00f6rnekte, e\u011fer Japonca bir \u00f6rneklemin daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan verilen cevapsa, bu mod olacakt\u0131r.  <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Veriler \u00e7o\u011funlukla alfabetiktir:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  \u00c7o\u011fu durumda, nominal veriler alfabetiktir ve say\u0131sal de\u011fildir &#8211; \u00f6rne\u011fin, s\u00f6z konusu durumda. Say\u0131sal olmayan veriler de \u00e7e\u015fitli gruplara ayr\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daha fazla bilgi edinin: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/quantitative-data\/\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nicel Veriler<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Nominal Veri Analizi<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nominal verilerin \u00e7o\u011fu, \u00f6rne\u011fin kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131ya aralar\u0131ndan se\u00e7im yapabilece\u011fi bir \u00f6\u011fe listesi sunan sorular arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla toplan\u0131r:<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hangi eyalette ya\u015f\u0131yorsunuz? ____ (ard\u0131ndan eyaletlerin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r listesi gelir)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Normalde pizza malzemeleri i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisini se\u00e7ersiniz? (Ge\u00e7erli olan t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc se\u00e7in)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1) Ispanak<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2) Pepperoni<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3) Zeytin<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4) Sardalya<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5) Sosis<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">6) Ekstra peynir<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">7) So\u011fan<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">8) Domates<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">9) Di\u011fer (l\u00fctfen belirtiniz) _______________<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nominal verilerin toplanabilece\u011fi \u00fc\u00e7 yol vard\u0131r. \u0130lk \u00f6rnekte, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131ya kendi eyaletini yazmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir alan verilmi\u015ftir. Bu, her bir eyalete bir numara verilerek kodlanacak olan a\u00e7\u0131k u\u00e7lu sorunun bir \u015feklidir. Bu bilgi, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131ya bir se\u00e7ene\u011fi se\u00e7ece\u011fi bir liste \u015feklinde de verilebilir.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130kinci \u00f6rnek, her bir kategorinin 1 (se\u00e7ildiyse) ve se\u00e7ilmediyse 0 olarak kodland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7oklu yan\u0131t sorular\u0131 \u015feklindedir. Ayr\u0131ca, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131ya listede yer almayan bir kategoride yazma se\u00e7ene\u011fi sunan a\u00e7\u0131k u\u00e7lu bir bile\u015fen de i\u00e7ermektedir. Bu &#8216;di\u011fer l\u00fctfen belirtiniz&#8217; yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n analiz edilebilmeleri i\u00e7in kodlanmalar\u0131 gerekecektir.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nominal veriler, y\u00fczdeler ve en yayg\u0131n yan\u0131t(lar)\u0131 temsil eden &#8216;mod&#8217; kullan\u0131larak analiz edilir. Belirli bir soru i\u00e7in birden fazla modal yan\u0131t olabilir, \u00f6rne\u011fin zeytin ve sosisin her ikisinin de ayn\u0131 say\u0131da se\u00e7ilmesi gibi.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yukar\u0131da listelenen pizza tepesi \u00f6rne\u011fi gibi \u00e7oklu yan\u0131t sorular\u0131, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara ek analizler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilecek bir metrik de\u011fi\u015fken olu\u015fturma olana\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu senaryoda, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 size s\u0131f\u0131rdan (hi\u00e7biri se\u00e7ilmedi) maksimum kategori say\u0131s\u0131na kadar de\u011fi\u015fen bir de\u011fi\u015fken sa\u011flayan se\u00e7eneklerden herhangi birini veya t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc se\u00e7ebilir. Bu, t\u00fcketici segmentasyonu i\u00e7in faydal\u0131 bir ara\u00e7 haline gelir.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nominal veriler en iyi \u015fekilde kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n profilini \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130statistiksel yetenekleri s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olsa da bu t\u00fcr veriler, anket kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 daha iyi anlamak i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Daha sonra, s\u0131ral\u0131 verileri inceleyece\u011fiz.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Nominal Veri \u00d6rnekleri<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da belirtilen \u00f6rneklerin her birinde, yaln\u0131zca etiketleme amac\u0131yla cevap se\u00e7eneklerinin her biriyle ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015f etiketler bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, ilk soruda &#8211; k\u00f6pek cinslerinin her birine numara verilirken, ikinci soruda &#8211; her iki cinsiyete de sadece kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen ba\u015f harfler verilmi\u015ftir.  <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ABD&#8217;de k\u00f6pekleri seven ve sahiplenen \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kesim var. Sahipleri uzaktayken k\u00f6peklerin bak\u0131m\u0131yla ilgilenen bir firma i\u00e7in bu t\u00fcr bir soru, hedef pazarlar\u0131n\u0131 filtrelemek i\u00e7in faydal\u0131 olabilir: En \u00e7ok sevilen k\u00f6pek cinsi hangisidir? &#8211;  <\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dalma\u00e7yal\u0131 &#8211; 1<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Doberman &#8211; 2<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Labrador &#8211; 3<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alman \u00c7oban K\u00f6pe\u011fi &#8211; 4  <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sadece belirli bir grup i\u00e7in seyahat plan\u0131 haz\u0131rlamak isteyen bir seyahat acentesi i\u00e7in en temel soru budur: Kim seyahat etmeyi daha \u00e7ok seviyor? &#8211;  <\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Erkekler &#8211; M  <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kad\u0131nlar &#8211; W  <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New York&#8217;ta bulunan bir emlak acentesi bu sorunun cevab\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya olduk\u00e7a meyilli olacakt\u0131r: New York sakinleri hangi t\u00fcr evleri tercih ediyor? &#8211;  <\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daireler &#8211; A  <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bungalovlar &#8211; B<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Villalar &#8211; C  <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinin: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/nominal-ordinal-interval-ratio\/\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">De\u011fi\u015fken \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011fi T\u00fcrleri<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nominal Veri Tan\u0131m\u0131 Nominal veriler, birbiriyle \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmeyen \u00e7e\u015fitli gruplara ayr\u0131labilen &#8220;etiketli&#8221; veya &#8220;adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f&#8221; verilerdir. Bu durumda veriler \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmez veya de\u011ferlendirilmez, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":86,"featured_media":616232,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1192,1114],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Nominal Veriler: Tan\u0131m, \u00d6zellikler ve \u00d6rnekler | QuestionPro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nominal Veri Tan\u0131m\u0131, \u00d6zellikleri ve \u00d6rnekleri hakk\u0131nda her \u015feyi \u00f6\u011frenin. Nominal veriler, birbiriyle \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmeyen \u00e7e\u015fitli gruplara ayr\u0131labilen &quot;etiketli&quot; veya &quot;adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f&quot; verilerdir. Toplanan verilerin s\u0131ras\u0131 nominal veriler kullan\u0131larak belirlenemez ve bu nedenle, verilerin s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirirseniz verilerin \u00f6nemi de\u011fi\u015fmeyecektir. Baz\u0131 durumlarda nominal veriler &quot;Kategorik Veriler&quot; olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/nominal-veriler-tanim-ozellikler-ve-ornekler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nominal Veriler: Tan\u0131m, \u00d6zellikler ve \u00d6rnekler | QuestionPro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nominal Veri Tan\u0131m\u0131, \u00d6zellikleri ve \u00d6rnekleri hakk\u0131nda her \u015feyi \u00f6\u011frenin. Nominal veriler, birbiriyle \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmeyen \u00e7e\u015fitli gruplara ayr\u0131labilen &quot;etiketli&quot; veya &quot;adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f&quot; verilerdir. Toplanan verilerin s\u0131ras\u0131 nominal veriler kullan\u0131larak belirlenemez ve bu nedenle, verilerin s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirirseniz verilerin \u00f6nemi de\u011fi\u015fmeyecektir. 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