{"id":730005,"date":"2020-11-20T03:30:16","date_gmt":"2020-11-20T03:30:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/ornekleme-hatasi-tanimi-turleri-kontrolu-ve-hatalarin-azaltilmasi\/"},"modified":"2020-11-20T03:30:16","modified_gmt":"2020-11-20T03:30:16","slug":"ornekleme-hatasi-tanimi-turleri-kontrolu-ve-hatalarin-azaltilmasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/ornekleme-hatasi-tanimi-turleri-kontrolu-ve-hatalarin-azaltilmasi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6rnekleme hatas\u0131 &#8211; Tan\u0131m\u0131, t\u00fcrleri, kontrol\u00fc ve hatalar\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><b>\u00d6rnekleme hatas\u0131 nedir?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6rnekleme hatas\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada kullan\u0131lan \u00f6rneklemin t\u00fcm pop\u00fclasyonu temsil etmedi\u011fi durumlarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. \u00d6rnekleme hatalar\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla meydana gelir ve bu nedenle ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, istatistiksel bir uygulama olarak nihai sonu\u00e7lar s\u0131ras\u0131nda her zaman bir hata pay\u0131 hesaplarlar. Hata pay\u0131, \u00f6rneklem ile ger\u00e7ek pop\u00fclasyon aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 temsil etmek \u00fczere bir yanl\u0131\u015f hesaplama i\u00e7in izin verilen hata miktar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"square-cta secondary-lined-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/a\/showEntry.do?mode=audience&amp;sourceRef=blog-audience\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 se\u00e7in<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><b>Pazar ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan \u00f6rnekleme hatalar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130\u015fte \u00f6rnekleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan en \u00f6nemli d\u00f6rt pazar ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 hatas\u0131:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>N\u00fcfus spesifikasyon hatas\u0131:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar kimlerle anket yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 tam olarak bilemediklerinde pop\u00fclasyon belirleme hatas\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u00e7ocuk k\u0131yafetleriyle ilgili bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. Anket yap\u0131lacak do\u011fru ki\u015fi kimdir? Her iki ebeveyn, sadece anne veya \u00e7ocuk olabilir. Sat\u0131n alma kararlar\u0131n\u0131 ebeveynler verir, ancak \u00e7ocuklar onlar\u0131n se\u00e7imlerini etkileyebilir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>\u00d6rnek \u00e7er\u00e7eve hatas\u0131:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6rneklem \u00e7er\u00e7evesi hatalar\u0131, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar \u00f6rneklemi se\u00e7erken alt pop\u00fclasyonu yanl\u0131\u015f hedefledi\u011finde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, telefon beyaz sayfalar kitab\u0131ndan bir <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/sampling-frame\/\">\u00f6rneklem \u00e7er\u00e7evesi<\/a> se\u00e7mek, insanlar \u015fehirlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirdikleri i\u00e7in hatal\u0131 kapsay\u0131c\u0131lara sahip olabilir. Hatal\u0131 hari\u00e7 tutmalar, insanlar numaralar\u0131n\u0131 listeden \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 tercih ettiklerinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Varl\u0131kl\u0131 hanelerin birden fazla ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 olabilir, bu da birden fazla kapsay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011fa yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Se\u00e7im hatas\u0131:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lmak i\u00e7in kendi kendilerini se\u00e7tiklerinde bir se\u00e7im hatas\u0131 meydana gelir. Sadece ilgilenenler yan\u0131t verir. T\u00fcm \u00f6rneklemden yan\u0131t istemek i\u00e7in fazladan bir ad\u0131m atarak se\u00e7im hatalar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edebilirsiniz. Anket \u00f6ncesi planlama, takipler ve d\u00fczenli ve temiz bir anket tasar\u0131m\u0131, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m oran\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131racakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, yan\u0131tlar\u0131 en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/features\/telephone-surveys-CATI.html\">CATI anketleri<\/a> ve y\u00fcz y\u00fcze g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler gibi y\u00f6ntemleri deneyin.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>\u00d6rnekleme hatalar\u0131:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  \u00d6rnekleme hatalar\u0131, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n temsil kabiliyetindeki e\u015fitsizlik nedeniyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu durum b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 \u00f6rneklemini dikkatli bir \u015fekilde planlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu \u00f6rnekleme hatalar\u0131, dikkatli bir \u00f6rneklem tasar\u0131m\u0131 olu\u015fturularak, t\u00fcm n\u00fcfusu yans\u0131tacak kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6rnekleme sahip olunarak veya yan\u0131tlar\u0131 toplamak i\u00e7in \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i bir \u00f6rneklem veya anket kitleleri kullan\u0131larak kontrol edilebilir ve ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131labilir.  <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>\u00d6rnekleme hatan\u0131z\u0131 kontrol etme<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130statistiksel teoriler, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve pop\u00fclasyondaki \u00f6rnekleme hatalar\u0131n\u0131n olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7melerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Pop\u00fclasyondan al\u0131nan \u00f6rneklemin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u00f6ncelikle \u00f6rnekleme hatas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirler. Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck hata oran\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma e\u011filimindedir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/margin-of-error\/\">hata pay\u0131n\u0131<\/a> anlamak ve de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in hata pay\u0131 olarak bilinen bir metrik kullanmaktad\u0131r. Genellikle, %95&#8217;lik bir g\u00fcven seviyesi istenen g\u00fcven seviyesi olarak kabul edilir.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Profesyonel \u0130pucu<\/strong>: Kendi hata pay\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 hesaplamak i\u00e7in yard\u0131ma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z varsa, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/margin-of-error-calculator\/\">Hata Pay\u0131 Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131m\u0131z\u0131<\/a> kullanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h3><b>\u00d6rnekleme hatalar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmaya y\u00f6nelik ad\u0131mlar nelerdir?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6rnekleme hatalar\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmek kolayd\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte \u00f6rnekleme hatas\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 basit ad\u0131m:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>\u00d6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131r\u0131n: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ger\u00e7ek n\u00fcfus b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in daha do\u011fru bir sonu\u00e7la sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r. <\/span> <\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>N\u00fcfusu gruplara ay\u0131r\u0131n:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  Gruplar\u0131 rastgele bir \u00f6rneklem yerine pop\u00fclasyondaki b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fcklerine g\u00f6re test edin. \u00d6rne\u011fin, belirli bir demografik gruptan insanlar n\u00fcfusun %20&#8217;sini olu\u015fturuyorsa, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/sampling-bias\/\">\u00f6rnekleme yanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/a> azaltmak i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131z\u0131n bu de\u011fi\u015fkenden olu\u015ftu\u011fundan emin olun.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>N\u00fcfusunuzu tan\u0131y\u0131n:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  N\u00fcfusunuzu inceleyin ve demografik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 anlay\u0131n. \u00dcr\u00fcn ve hizmetinizi hangi demografik gruplar\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilin ve yaln\u0131zca \u00f6nemli olan \u00f6rneklemi hedefledi\u011finizden emin olun.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u00d6rnekleminizi kolayca belirlemenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak bir ara\u00e7 da olu\u015fturduk: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/sample-size-calculator\/\">\u00d6rneklem B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6rnekleme hatas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bulgular\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frulu\u011funu ve varyans\u0131 tahmin etmek i\u00e7in bunu kendi avantajlar\u0131na kullanabilirler.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00d6rnekleme hatas\u0131 nedir? \u00d6rnekleme hatas\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada kullan\u0131lan \u00f6rneklemin t\u00fcm pop\u00fclasyonu temsil etmedi\u011fi durumlarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. \u00d6rnekleme hatalar\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla meydana gelir [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":65,"featured_media":783908,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1121],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - 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