{"id":730540,"date":"2018-03-14T05:49:14","date_gmt":"2018-03-14T12:49:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/basit-rastgele-ornekleme-tanim-ve-ornekler\/"},"modified":"2018-03-14T05:49:14","modified_gmt":"2018-03-14T05:49:14","slug":"basit-rastgele-ornekleme-tanim-ve-ornekler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/basit-rastgele-ornekleme-tanim-ve-ornekler\/","title":{"rendered":"Basit Rastgele \u00d6rnekleme: Tan\u0131m ve \u00d6rnekler"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><b>Basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme nedir?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme, pop\u00fclasyondaki her \u00f6\u011fenin e\u015fit se\u00e7ilme \u015fans\u0131na ve olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu bir tekniktir. Burada, \u00f6\u011felerin se\u00e7imi tamamen \u015fansa veya olas\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r; bu nedenle, bu \u00f6rnekleme tekni\u011fi bazen \u015fans y\u00f6ntemi olarak da bilinir.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme temel bir \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemidir ve kolayca daha karma\u015f\u0131k bir \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6nteminin bile\u015feni olabilir. Bu \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6nteminin temel \u00f6zelli\u011fi, her \u00f6rne\u011fin ayn\u0131 se\u00e7ilme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"square-cta secondary-lined-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/a\/showEntry.do?mode=audience&amp;sourceRef=blog-audience\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 se\u00e7in<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6nteminde \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ideal olarak birka\u00e7 y\u00fczden fazla olmal\u0131d\u0131r ki basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme uygun \u015fekilde uygulanabilsin. Bu y\u00f6ntemin teorik olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 kolay ancak pratikte uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n zor oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak kolay bir i\u015f de\u011fildir ve bazen ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir \u00f6rneklem \u00e7er\u00e7evesi bulmak zor olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar basit rastgele bir \u00f6rneklem se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in bu y\u00f6ntemleri izler:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta t\u00fcm pop\u00fclasyon \u00fcyelerinin bir listesini haz\u0131rlarlar ve daha sonra her \u00fcye belirli bir say\u0131 ile i\u015faretlenir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, n&#8217;inci \u00fcye vard\u0131r, o zaman 1&#8217;den N&#8217;ye kadar numaraland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  Bu pop\u00fclasyondan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar iki y\u00f6ntem kullanarak rastgele \u00f6rnekler se\u00e7erler: rastgele say\u0131 tablolar\u0131 ve rastgele say\u0131 \u00fcreteci yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, \u00f6rnek olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in insan m\u00fcdahalesi gerekmedi\u011finden rastgele say\u0131 \u00fcreteci yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 tercih etmektedir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130ki yakla\u015f\u0131m, basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme s\u00fcrecindeki \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar\u0131 en aza indirmeyi ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3><b>\u00c7ekili\u015f y\u00f6ntemi<\/b><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Piyango y\u00f6ntemini kullanmak en eski y\u00f6ntemlerden biridir ve rastgele \u00f6rneklemenin mekanik bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Bu y\u00f6ntemde, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonun her bir \u00fcyesine bir say\u0131 verir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar \u00f6rnekleri se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in kutudan rastgele say\u0131lar \u00e7ekerler.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3><b>Rastgele say\u0131lar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/b><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rastgele say\u0131lar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, pop\u00fclasyonun numaraland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7eren alternatif bir y\u00f6ntemdir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakine benzer bir say\u0131 tablosunun kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 bu \u00f6rnekleme tekni\u011fine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-107671\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/simple-random-sampling-1-1.png\" alt=\"basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme\" width=\"661\" height=\"294\"><\/p>\n<h2><b>Basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bir hastanenin 1000 personeli oldu\u011funu ve 100 personele bir gece vardiyas\u0131 tahsis etmeleri gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. Hepsinin ismi rastgele se\u00e7ilmek \u00fczere bir kovaya konulacakt\u0131r. Her bir ki\u015finin se\u00e7ilme \u015fans\u0131 e\u015fit oldu\u011fundan ve pop\u00fclasyon b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc (N) ve \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc (n) bildi\u011fimizden, hesaplama a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi olabilir:<\/span><\/p>\n<table class=\"table-border\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>P=1- N-1\/N.N-2\/N-1\u2026.N-n\/N-(n-1)<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>\u0130ptal=1-N-n\/N<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>=n\/N<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>  =100\/1000<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>=10%<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><b>Basit Rastgele \u00d6rnekleme Ad\u0131mlar\u0131<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">500&#8217;den 100 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fandan olu\u015fan basit bir rastgele \u00f6rneklem \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 izleyin.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-101304\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/simple-random-sampling-1.jpg\" alt=\"basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme\" width=\"992\" height=\"594\"><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Bir liste yap\u0131n  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">organizasyonda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n. (yukar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi gibi, kurulu\u015fta 500 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan var, kay\u0131t 500 isim i\u00e7ermelidir).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>S\u0131ral\u0131 bir numara atay\u0131n  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">her bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fana (1,2,3&#8230;n). Bu sizin \u00f6rnekleme \u00e7er\u00e7evenizdir (basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleminizi \u00e7ekece\u011finiz liste).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>\u00d6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn ne olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirleyin<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. (Bu durumda \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 100&#8217;d\u00fcr).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ad\u0131m 2&#8217;deki \u00f6rnekleme \u00e7er\u00e7evenizi (pop\u00fclasyon b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc) ve Ad\u0131m 3&#8217;teki \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc kullanarak \u00f6rneklemi se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in <b>rastgele bir say\u0131 \u00fcreteci kullan\u0131n <\/b>. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz 100 ve pop\u00fclasyonunuz 500 ise, 1 ile 500 aras\u0131nda 100 rastgele say\u0131 olu\u015fturun.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><b>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmada basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn pazar ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 projeleri \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr ve belirsiz say\u0131da \u00f6\u011fe i\u00e7erir. N\u00fcfusun her bir \u00fcyesinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce s\u00fcrecini incelemek ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadan m\u00fcdahale elde etmek pratikte imkans\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 olarak zaman ve paradan tasarruf etmek istiyorsan\u0131z, basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme, kullanabilece\u011finiz en iyi olas\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemlerinden biridir. Bir \u00f6rneklemden veri elde etmek daha tavsiye edilir ve pratiktir<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 m\u0131 yoksa \u00f6rneklem mi kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fc, homojenlik\/heterojenlik derecesi, maliyetler, zaman, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n fizibilitesi, ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan do\u011fruluk derecesi vb. gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rlere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"square-cta secondary-lined-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/a\/showEntry.do?mode=audience&amp;sourceRef=blog-audience\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 se\u00e7in<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><b>Basit rastgele \u00f6rneklemenin avantajlar\u0131<\/b><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Adil bir \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemidir ve uygun \u015fekilde uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, di\u011fer \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemlerine k\u0131yasla s\u00f6z konusu olabilecek \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar\u0131 azaltmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6rneklem \u00e7er\u00e7evesi i\u00e7erdi\u011finden, mevcut b\u00fcy\u00fck pop\u00fclasyondan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u00f6rneklem boyutu se\u00e7mek genellikle kolayd\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten ki\u015finin toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veriler hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nceden bilgi sahibi olmas\u0131 gerekmez. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n konu uzman\u0131 olmas\u0131na gerek olmaks\u0131z\u0131n bir soru sorulabilir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemi, veri toplaman\u0131n temel bir y\u00f6ntemidir. Herhangi bir teknik bilgiye ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z yok. Sadece temel dinleme ve kay\u0131t becerilerine ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z var.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu t\u00fcr \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6nteminde evren b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7ok geni\u015f oldu\u011fundan, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde herhangi bir k\u0131s\u0131tlama yoktur. Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir pop\u00fclasyondan olduk\u00e7a h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u00f6rneklem elde edebilirsiniz.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemiyle toplanan veriler iyi bilgilendirilmi\u015ftir; \u00f6rneklem say\u0131s\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a verilerin kalitesi de artmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"square-cta secondary-lined-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/audience\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>DAHA FAZLA BI\u0307LGI\u0307 EDI\u0307NI\u0307N<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme nedir? Basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme, pop\u00fclasyondaki her \u00f6\u011fenin e\u015fit se\u00e7ilme \u015fans\u0131na ve olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu bir tekniktir. Burada, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":65,"featured_media":716277,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1121],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Basit Rastgele \u00d6rnekleme: Tan\u0131m ve \u00d6rnekler<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme, \u00fcyelere ankete kat\u0131l\u0131m konusunda e\u015fit \u015fans tan\u0131yan bir tekniktir. 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