{"id":793181,"date":"2021-06-30T10:41:41","date_gmt":"2021-06-30T17:41:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/kohort-calismasi-nedir-turleri-ve-ornekleri\/"},"modified":"2021-06-30T10:41:41","modified_gmt":"2021-06-30T10:41:41","slug":"kohort-calismasi-nedir-turleri-ve-ornekleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/kohort-calismasi-nedir-turleri-ve-ornekleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Kohort \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 Nedir? T\u00fcrleri ve \u00d6rnekleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kohort \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir grup insan\u0131 takip eden ve \u00f6rne\u011fin maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131 risk fakt\u00f6rlerinin sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00fczerindeki etkilerini de\u011ferlendiren bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n kapasitesi, veri toplamada veya sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n yorumlanmas\u0131nda herhangi bir \u00f6nyarg\u0131dan, hatadan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in titiz bir metodolojiye dayanmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6rne\u011fin bir kohort \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, bir hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n nedenlerini bilmek ve risk fakt\u00f6rleri ile sa\u011fl\u0131k sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ili\u015fki kurmak amac\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu t\u00fcr bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, bir hastal\u0131\u011fa maruz kalan bir pop\u00fclasyonun maruz kalmayan bireylerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Analiz veya takip, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakiler ger\u00e7ekle\u015fene kadar zaman i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hastal\u0131k ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma konusu \u00f6l\u00fcr<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma takibi s\u0131ras\u0131nda kaybolmas\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma sona eriyor<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bilmek de ilginizi \u00e7ekebilir: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/longitudinal-study\/\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Boylamsal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma nedir?<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kohort \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma t\u00fcrleri<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c7e\u015fitli Kohort \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 t\u00fcrleri vard\u0131r:<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Prospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma<\/strong>: \u00d6nceden planlan\u0131r ve gelecekteki bir zaman diliminde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, bireyler hastal\u0131\u011fa sahip de\u011fildir, ancak farkl\u0131 gruplarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kma s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlemek i\u00e7in belirli bir s\u00fcre boyunca g\u00f6zlemlenir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma<\/strong>: Bu t\u00fcr bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, belirli hastal\u0131klar i\u00e7in risk fakt\u00f6rlerini belirlemek amac\u0131yla mevcut veriler incelenir. Zamanda geriye gitmek ve eksik bilgileri toplamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yorumlar s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/survey-templates\/health-care-surveys\/\">Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hizmetleri Anketlerinin<\/a> nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin bu makaleyi okuman\u0131z\u0131 tavsiye ederim.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bir kohort \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin avantajlar\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tan\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f veya garip olabilecek unsurlar\u0131 incelemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli maruz kal\u0131nan etkileri g\u00f6zlemlememizi sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bir hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n etkilerini ayn\u0131 anda g\u00f6zlemlemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sunulan vakalar\u0131n seviyelerinin ve g\u00f6receli risklerin tahmin edilmesini sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma konular\u0131n\u0131 dikkatle se\u00e7in.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bir kohort \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin dezavantajlar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Baz\u0131 nadir hastal\u0131klar\u0131n belirtilerini bulmay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Genellikle bu t\u00fcr \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar aniden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n nedenlerini belirleyemez.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar \u00e7ok pahal\u0131d\u0131r ve sonu\u00e7 vermesi uzun y\u0131llar al\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bir hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n nedenlerine ili\u015fkin ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 sunarlar, ancak kesin kan\u0131t sunmazlar.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar kaybolabilece\u011fi veya \u00f6lebilece\u011fi i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rma tarafl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar \u00fcretebilir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kohort \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fi<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Latin Amerika&#8217;da bir kasabada salmonelloz salg\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sa\u011fl\u0131k yetkilileri uzun bir s\u00fcre boyunca, birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn boyunca al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k derecede b\u00fcy\u00fck bir say\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleyebilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131 epidemiyolojik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcrken ve hipotezleri olu\u015fturan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yap\u0131l\u0131rken, hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalanan ki\u015filerin yerel bir okulda d\u00fczenlenen veli yeme\u011fine kat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Bu etkinlikte her kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 evinde haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yeme\u011fi getirmi\u015ftir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma, salg\u0131n\u0131n bu ger\u00e7ekten kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Ancak, olaya hangi yeme\u011fin neden oldu\u011funu bilmeleri gerekiyordu.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n bir a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r:<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kulu\u00e7ka s\u00fcresi: 1 ila 3 g\u00fcn<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Semptomlar: \u0130shal, ate\u015f, kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, kusma, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, titreme.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u00fcre 4-7 g\u00fcn<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kaynaklar: Kontamine yumurta, k\u00fcmes hayvanlar\u0131, s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, past\u00f6rize edilmemi\u015f meyve sular\u0131, meyve ve sebzeler.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Laboratuvar sonucu: D\u0131\u015fk\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrleri<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n %58&#8217;inde vaka tan\u0131m\u0131na uygun semptomlar geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bu kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lardan 45&#8217;i \u00f6\u011fle yeme\u011finde yedikleri yiyeceklerle ilgili bir anket doldurmay\u0131 kabul etti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, \u00f6\u011fle yeme\u011finde servis edilen her bir yemek i\u00e7in, belirli bir yeme\u011fi yiyenler ile o yeme\u011fi yemeyenler aras\u0131nda salmonelloz g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sonu\u00e7lar, 23 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n peynirli at\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131k yedi\u011fini hat\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bunlardan 16&#8217;s\u0131nda salmonelloz geli\u015fti\u011fini, yani %70&#8217;lik bir insidans oldu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Peynirli mezeyi yedi\u011fini hat\u0131rlamayan 22 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 vard\u0131 ve bunlardan 9&#8217;unda salmonelloz semptomlar\u0131 geli\u015fti, bu da %41&#8217;lik bir insidans demekti.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Salmonelloz salg\u0131n\u0131 ile ilgili bilgi almak i\u00e7in sorulabilecek soru t\u00fcrleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Son 48 saat i\u00e7inde yedi\u011finiz yiyecekler nelerdir?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yedi\u011finiz yemek evde mi haz\u0131rland\u0131?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yedi\u011finiz yiyeceklerin bir temizleme s\u00fcreci var m\u0131yd\u0131?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcketti\u011finiz g\u0131dan\u0131n son kullanma tarihi hen\u00fcz ge\u00e7medi mi?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u015eu anki belirtileriniz nelerdir?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Son olarak, sizin i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu makale ile bir sa\u011fl\u0131k anketinin nas\u0131l uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffedin.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kohort \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma tasar\u0131m\u0131, nispeten k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve iyi tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f bir pop\u00fclasyonda salg\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda iyi bir se\u00e7imdir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"square-cta secondary-lined-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/a\/showEntry.do\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>\u00dcCRETSIZ HESAP ALIN<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kohort \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir grup insan\u0131 takip eden ve \u00f6rne\u011fin maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131 risk fakt\u00f6rlerinin sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00fczerindeki etkilerini de\u011ferlendiren bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":699957,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1114],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Kohort \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 Nedir? 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