{"id":999295,"date":"2025-01-01T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-01-01T18:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/"},"modified":"2025-01-07T03:19:54","modified_gmt":"2025-01-07T10:19:54","slug":"prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/","title":{"rendered":"Prospektif ve Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: Bilinmesi Gereken Temel Farklar"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken prospektif ve retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 anlamak \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu iki yakla\u015f\u0131m klinik deneyler, sosyal bilimler ve epidemiyoloji gibi alanlarda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Her y\u00f6ntemin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc y\u00f6nleri vard\u0131r ve belirli ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorular\u0131 i\u00e7in uygundur.    <\/p>\n\n<p>Bu blogda, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma t\u00fcrlerini, nas\u0131l farkl\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ve basit ve ili\u015fkilendirilebilir tutmak i\u00e7in ne zaman kullan\u0131lacaklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Prospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n olaylar\u0131n nas\u0131l geli\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in zaman i\u00e7inde ileriye bakt\u0131klar\u0131 bir <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/arastirma-nedir-tanim-yontemler-turler-ve-ornekler\/\">ara\u015ft\u0131rma<\/a> t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u015eu anda bir grup insanla ba\u015flarlar ve ne oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zlemlemek i\u00e7in onlar\u0131 bir s\u00fcre boyunca takip ederler. Ama\u00e7, belirli fakt\u00f6rlerin veya davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n gelecekteki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nas\u0131l etkileyebilece\u011fini anlamakt\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Her g\u00fcn meyve yemenin kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyip \u00f6nleyemeyece\u011fi konusunda vaka kontrol \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yapmak istedi\u011finizi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. Bug\u00fcn bir grup insan\u0131 topluyorsunuz, meyve yeme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 soruyorsunuz ve ard\u0131ndan \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 10 y\u0131l boyunca kalp sa\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 takip ediyorsunuz. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc se\u00e7imlerinin geleceklerini nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini g\u00f6zlemliyorsunuz.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar Neden Yararl\u0131d\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Taze Veri:<\/strong>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar eski kay\u0131tlara dayanmak <strong>yerine<\/strong>, olaylar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftik\u00e7e yeni bilgiler toplarlar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Net Sebep ve Sonu\u00e7: <\/strong>Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, sigara i\u00e7menin akci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 riskini art\u0131r\u0131p art\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bir \u015feyin di\u011ferine yol a\u00e7\u0131p a\u00e7mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in harikad\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>S\u00fcre\u00e7 \u00dczerinde Kontrol: <\/strong>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6nceden planland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar hatalar\u0131 en aza indirebilir ve d\u00fczenli kalabilirler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ak\u0131lda Tutulmas\u0131 Gereken Zorluklar<\/h3>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Zaman al\u0131c\u0131: <\/strong>Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 beklemek y\u0131llar, hatta bazen on y\u0131llar s\u00fcrebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pahal\u0131d\u0131r: <\/strong>\u0130nsanlar\u0131 uzun bir s\u00fcre boyunca izlemek maliyetlidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kat\u0131l\u0131mdan vazge\u00e7enler: <\/strong>Baz\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar ilgilerini kaybedebilir veya kat\u0131lmay\u0131 b\u0131rakabilir, bu da sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 etkileyebilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar Ne Zaman \u0130yi Bir Fikirdir?<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0130\u015fte Prospektif Bir \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n Ne Zaman D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi Gerekti\u011fi:<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Uzun Vadeli Etkileri \u0130ncelemek<\/h3>\n\n<p>Bir al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n veya tedavinin y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde insanlar\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini merak ediyorsan\u0131z, ileriye d\u00f6n\u00fck bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma m\u00fckemmeldir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar d\u00fczenli egzersizin on y\u0131l boyunca kalp sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini g\u00f6rmek isteyebilir. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Yeni Verilere \u0130htiyac\u0131n\u0131z Oldu\u011funda<\/h3>\n\n<p>Prospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, eski kay\u0131tlara dayanmaktan daha do\u011fru olan yeni, ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 bilgiler toplar. Bu, modern sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, davran\u0131\u015fsal ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar veya yeni m\u00fcdahalelerin test edilmesi i\u00e7in idealdir. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Sebep ve Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 Anlamak<\/h3>\n\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar &#8220;X, Y&#8217;ye neden olur mu?&#8221; gibi sorular\u0131 yan\u0131tlamak istediklerinde ileriye d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar harikad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, kirlili\u011fe maruz kalman\u0131n ast\u0131m riskini art\u0131r\u0131p art\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirleyebilirler. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Nadir veya Gecikmi\u015f Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n \u0130ncelenmesi i\u00e7in<\/h3>\n\n<p>Sonucun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 zaman al\u0131yorsa (belirli hastal\u0131klar veya davran\u0131\u015flar gibi), ileriye d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u0131llar i\u00e7indeki de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri izlemenin bir yolunu sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Yeterli Zaman ve Kaynak Oldu\u011funda<\/h3>\n\n<p>Prospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar uzun vadeli taahh\u00fct, finansman ve kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 gerektirir. Bunlar mevcutsa, elde edilen i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fcler genellikle yat\u0131r\u0131ma de\u011ferdir. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Geriye d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, daha \u00f6nce ne oldu\u011funu anlamak i\u00e7in zaman i\u00e7inde geriye do\u011fru bakan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar yeni veri toplamak yerine, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n olas\u0131 nedenlerini incelemek i\u00e7in ge\u00e7mi\u015f kay\u0131tlar\u0131, verileri veya olaylar\u0131 analiz eder. <\/p>\n\n<p>Sigara ile akci\u011fer kanseri aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 anlamak istedi\u011finizi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. \u0130nsanlar\u0131 y\u0131llar boyunca takip etmek yerine, ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte sigara i\u00e7ti\u011fini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in halihaz\u0131rda akci\u011fer kanseri olan hastalar\u0131n t\u0131bbi kay\u0131tlar\u0131na bakars\u0131n\u0131z. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar Neden Faydal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>H\u0131zl\u0131 Sonu\u00e7lar: <\/strong>Olaylar zaten ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011fundan, yan\u0131tlar\u0131 daha h\u0131zl\u0131 alabilirsiniz.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ekonomiktir:<\/strong> Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 y\u0131llarca izlemenize gerek kalmaz, zamandan ve paradan tasarruf edersiniz.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nadir Olaylar i\u00e7in Kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131: <\/strong>Veriler zaten mevcut oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in nadir g\u00f6r\u00fclen durumlar\u0131 incelemek i\u00e7in harikad\u0131rlar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ak\u0131lda Tutulmas\u0131 Gereken Zorluklar<\/h3>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Eksik Veriler:<\/strong> Ge\u00e7mi\u015f kay\u0131tlarda eksik ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar olabilir veya hatalar i\u00e7erebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00d6nyarg\u0131 risk fakt\u00f6rleri: <\/strong>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar verilerin nas\u0131l topland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edemezler, bu da sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00e7arp\u0131k olmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>De\u011fi\u015fkenler \u00dczerinde Kontrol Yok:<\/strong> Olaylar zaten ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011fundan, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 etkileyen belirli fakt\u00f6rleri izole etmek daha zordur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar Ne Zaman \u0130yi Bir Fikirdir?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n belirli sorular\u0131 yan\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in ge\u00e7mi\u015f olaylar\u0131 analiz etmeleri gerekti\u011finde harika bir se\u00e7enektir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar mevcut verilere dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, genellikle ileriye d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve daha uygun maliyetlidir. \u0130\u015fte retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n iyi bir fikir oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 durumlar:  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. H\u0131zl\u0131 Yan\u0131tlara \u0130htiyac\u0131n\u0131z Oldu\u011funda<\/h3>\n\n<p>Zaman k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131ysa, retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar daha h\u0131zl\u0131 sonu\u00e7 verebilir. Veriler zaten mevcut oldu\u011fundan, nadir sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u0131llarca beklemeye gerek yoktur. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Nadir Olaylar\u0131 veya Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken<\/h3>\n\n<p>Nadir olaylar\u0131n ileriye d\u00f6n\u00fck olarak incelenmesi zordur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u0131k s\u0131k meydana gelmezler. Retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n kal\u0131plar\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in ge\u00e7mi\u015f vakalardan elde edilen verileri analiz etmelerini sa\u011flar. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. G\u00fcvenilir Verilere Eri\u015fiminiz Oldu\u011funda<\/h3>\n\n<p>Detayl\u0131 ve do\u011fru kay\u0131tlar mevcutsa, retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yeni veri toplamaya gerek kalmadan de\u011ferli bilgiler sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Kaynaklar S\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 Oldu\u011funda<\/h3>\n\n<p>Retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n uzun s\u00fcreli izlenmesini gerektirmedikleri i\u00e7in prospektif olanlardan daha ucuzdur.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. E\u011filimleri veya \u0130li\u015fkileri Ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken<\/h3>\n\n<p>Retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki maruziyetler ile mevcut sonu\u00e7lar aras\u0131ndaki korelasyonlar\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in harikad\u0131r. Sebep ve sonucu kan\u0131tlayamasalar da g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 sa\u011flarlar. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prospektif ve Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0130\u015fte prospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ile retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131ndaki temel farklar:<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Zaman \u00c7izelgesi<\/h3>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0130leriye D\u00f6n\u00fck \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: <\/strong>Gelece\u011fe odaklan\u0131n. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 bug\u00fcnden ba\u015flayarak ve olaylar geli\u015ftik\u00e7e takip ederek zaman i\u00e7inde izler. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: <\/strong>Ge\u00e7mi\u015fe bakar. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, daha \u00f6nce meydana gelmi\u015f olaylar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in t\u0131bbi kay\u0131tlar veya anketler gibi mevcut verileri analiz eder. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Veri Toplama<\/h3>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Prospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar:<\/strong> \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ilerledik\u00e7e yeni veriler toplar. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, ko\u015fullar\u0131 veya maruziyetleri hakk\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 bilgi toplar. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: <\/strong>Mevcut verileri kullan\u0131n. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ge\u00e7mi\u015f kay\u0131tlara veya halihaz\u0131rda toplanm\u0131\u015f olan ge\u00e7mi\u015f verilere dayan\u0131r. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Tasar\u0131m\u0131<\/h3>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Prospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: <\/strong>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 belirli hedeflerle tasarlar ve de\u011fi\u015fkenleri \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f bir s\u00fcre boyunca izler. Bu, verilerin nas\u0131l toplanaca\u011f\u0131 ve izlenece\u011fi \u00fczerinde daha fazla kontrol sa\u011flar. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar:<\/strong> Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar halihaz\u0131rda var olan verileri inceler ve genellikle mevcut olan kay\u0131tlar veya veri k\u00fcmeleriyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar, bu da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma tasar\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerindeki kontrollerini s\u0131n\u0131rlayabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Zaman ve Maliyet<\/h3>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Prospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: <\/strong>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 uzun bir s\u00fcre boyunca takip etmesi gerekti\u011finden genellikle daha fazla zaman al\u0131c\u0131 ve pahal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: <\/strong>Bunlar genellikle daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve daha ucuzdur, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc zaten toplanm\u0131\u015f olan verilere dayan\u0131r ve kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 izlemek i\u00e7in daha az \u00e7aba gerektirir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u00d6nyarg\u0131 ve Veri Do\u011frulu\u011fu<\/h3>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Prospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar <\/strong>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar veri toplama s\u00fcrecini kontrol ederek tutarl\u0131l\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenilirlik sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in daha az \u00f6nyarg\u0131l\u0131 olma e\u011filimindedirler.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar:<\/strong> Eksik veya yanl\u0131\u015f olabilen ge\u00e7mi\u015f verilere dayanmalar\u0131 nedeniyle yanl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa daha yatk\u0131n olabilirler. Verilerin kalitesi ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta nas\u0131l topland\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015febilir. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Neden ve Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n Belirlenmesi<\/h3>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Prospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: <\/strong>Neden-sonu\u00e7 ili\u015fkilerini belirlemek i\u00e7in daha iyidir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar belirli fakt\u00f6rlerin (ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 veya tedavi gibi) zaman i\u00e7inde sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini g\u00f6zlemleyebilirler.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: <\/strong>\u00d6ncelikle nedenselli\u011fi de\u011fil, ili\u015fkileri tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in yararl\u0131d\u0131r. Maruziyetler ve sonu\u00e7lar aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00f6sterebilirler, ancak birinin di\u011ferine neden oldu\u011funu kesin olarak kan\u0131tlayamazlar. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. Kullan\u0131m \u00d6rnekleri<\/h3>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Prospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: <\/strong>Genellikle sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 se\u00e7imlerinin (\u00f6rn. diyet, egzersiz) kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya kanser gibi uzun vadeli sonu\u00e7lar \u00fczerindeki etkilerini izlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: <\/strong>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n kal\u0131plar\u0131 veya e\u011filimleri anlamak i\u00e7in ge\u00e7mi\u015f t\u0131bbi ge\u00e7mi\u015fleri analiz etti\u011fi nadir hastal\u0131klar\u0131n veya durumlar\u0131n incelenmesinde yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Do\u011fru \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 Se\u00e7mek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Prospektif ve retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131ndaki se\u00e7im, ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorusuna, mevcut kaynaklara ve zaman k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Perspektif Se\u00e7in: <\/strong>Gelecekteki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 incelemek veya m\u00fcdahaleleri zaman i\u00e7inde test etmek istedi\u011finizde. G\u00f6zlemsel bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar de\u011fi\u015fkenleri manip\u00fcle etmeden sadece g\u00f6zlemleyip verileri kaydetti\u011finde genellikle prospektiftir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Retrospektif&#8217;i se\u00e7in: <\/strong>H\u0131zl\u0131 cevaplara ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011funuzda veya mevcut verileri kullanarak nadir olaylar\u0131 inceledi\u011finizde. Kohort \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar belirli kohortlar \u00fczerindeki uzun vadeli etkileri incelemek i\u00e7in ge\u00e7mi\u015f verilere bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da retrospektif olabilir. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar belirli fakt\u00f6rlerin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini anlamak istediklerinde farkl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 kullan\u0131rlar. \u0130ki yayg\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131m prospektif ve retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalard\u0131r. Her ikisinin de kendine g\u00f6re avantajlar\u0131 olsa da, nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 ve bize ne s\u00f6yleyebilecekleri konusunda olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131d\u0131rlar.  <\/p>\n\n<p>QuestionPro, veri toplama ve analizini basitle\u015ftirerek hem prospektif hem de retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 destekleyen ara\u00e7lar sunar. \u0130leriye d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar i\u00e7in anket ara\u00e7lar\u0131, ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 veri toplama ile kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n zaman i\u00e7inde izlenmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. <\/p>\n\n<p>Geriye d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar i\u00e7in, QuestionPro&#8217;nun geli\u015fmi\u015f analitik ve veri y\u00f6netimi \u00f6zellikleri, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n mevcut anket verilerini analiz etmelerine ve ge\u00e7mi\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan gelen e\u011filimleri veya korelasyonlar\u0131 belirlemelerine olanak tan\u0131r. Daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in QuestionPro ile bug\u00fcn ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7in! <\/p>\n\n\n\t<div class=\"banner-section wf-section\" lang=\"\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"right-column-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"bannerbg white\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"h1-2\">Ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 verilere, i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fclere ve geli\u015fmi\u015f analizlere dayal\u0131 unutulmaz deneyimler yarat\u0131n.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#userliteForm\" data-toggle=\"modal\" class=\"button w-button\">Demo Talep Edin<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"userlite-modal modal fade\" id=\"userliteForm\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"dialog\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t<div class=\"modal-dialog\" role=\"document\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"modal-content\" role=\"document\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"modal-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"modal-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"close\" data-dismiss=\"modal\" aria-label=\"Close\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"material-icons\">close<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"contact-us-form-wrapper contact-box\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"userlite-form-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/userlite-form-blog-turkish.html?product=Surveys&amp;referralurl=https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/999295\/&amp;lang=tr&amp;cat=pazar-arastirmasi-tr\" style=\"display: block;\" ><\/iframe>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"demo-form-wrapper success-message-div\" style=\"display:none\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"success-message-para\"><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken prospektif ve retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 anlamak \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu iki yakla\u015f\u0131m klinik deneyler, sosyal bilimler ve epidemiyoloji gibi alanlarda [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":80,"featured_media":998837,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1114],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Prospektif ve Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: Bilinmesi Gereken Temel Farklar<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Prospektif ve retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131ndaki temel farklar\u0131 ke\u015ffedin. Her bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n ne zaman ideal oldu\u011funu ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmada nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenin.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Prospektif ve Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: Bilinmesi Gereken Temel Farklar\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Prospektif ve retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131ndaki temel farklar\u0131 ke\u015ffedin. Her bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n ne zaman ideal oldu\u011funu ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmada nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenin.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"QuestionPro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/questionpro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-01-01T18:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-01-07T10:19:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Prospective-vs-Retrospective-Studies.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"836\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"QuestionPro Collaborators\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@questionpro\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@questionpro\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"QuestionPro Collaborators\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"QuestionPro Collaborators\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/7aa2dda02c16e540da9fb962ee929652\"},\"headline\":\"Prospektif ve Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: Bilinmesi Gereken Temel Farklar\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-01T18:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-01-07T10:19:54+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/\"},\"wordCount\":1887,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Pazar Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/\",\"name\":\"Prospektif ve Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: Bilinmesi Gereken Temel Farklar\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-01T18:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-01-07T10:19:54+00:00\",\"description\":\"Prospektif ve retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131ndaki temel farklar\u0131 ke\u015ffedin. Her bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n ne zaman ideal oldu\u011funu ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmada nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenin.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Ev\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Uncategorized @tr\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/category\/uncategorized-tr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Prospektif ve Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: Bilinmesi Gereken Temel Farklar\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/\",\"name\":\"QuestionPro\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#organization\",\"name\":\"QuestionPro\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/questionpro-logo.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/questionpro-logo.svg\",\"caption\":\"QuestionPro\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/questionpro\",\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/questionpro\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/questionpro\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/7aa2dda02c16e540da9fb962ee929652\",\"name\":\"QuestionPro Collaborators\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7c5e4f557ac4d597814687054d6305bc?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7c5e4f557ac4d597814687054d6305bc?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"QuestionPro Collaborators\"},\"description\":\"Worldwide team of Content Creation specialists focusing on Research, CX, Workforce, Audience and Education.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/author\/aldro\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Prospektif ve Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: Bilinmesi Gereken Temel Farklar","description":"Prospektif ve retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131ndaki temel farklar\u0131 ke\u015ffedin. Her bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n ne zaman ideal oldu\u011funu ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmada nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenin.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/","og_locale":"tr_TR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Prospektif ve Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: Bilinmesi Gereken Temel Farklar","og_description":"Prospektif ve retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131ndaki temel farklar\u0131 ke\u015ffedin. Her bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n ne zaman ideal oldu\u011funu ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmada nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenin.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/","og_site_name":"QuestionPro","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/questionpro","article_published_time":"2025-01-01T18:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-01-07T10:19:54+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1400,"height":836,"url":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Prospective-vs-Retrospective-Studies.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"QuestionPro Collaborators","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@questionpro","twitter_site":"@questionpro","twitter_misc":{"Yazan:":"QuestionPro Collaborators","Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi":"9 dakika"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/"},"author":{"name":"QuestionPro Collaborators","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/7aa2dda02c16e540da9fb962ee929652"},"headline":"Prospektif ve Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: Bilinmesi Gereken Temel Farklar","datePublished":"2025-01-01T18:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-01-07T10:19:54+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/"},"wordCount":1887,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#organization"},"articleSection":["Pazar Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131"],"inLanguage":"tr"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/","url":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/","name":"Prospektif ve Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: Bilinmesi Gereken Temel Farklar","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-01-01T18:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-01-07T10:19:54+00:00","description":"Prospektif ve retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131ndaki temel farklar\u0131 ke\u015ffedin. Her bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n ne zaman ideal oldu\u011funu ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmada nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenin.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"tr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/prospektif-ve-retrospektif-calismalar-bilinmesi-gereken-temel-farklar\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Ev","item":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Uncategorized @tr","item":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/category\/uncategorized-tr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Prospektif ve Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: Bilinmesi Gereken Temel Farklar"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/","name":"QuestionPro","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"tr"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#organization","name":"QuestionPro","url":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"tr","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/questionpro-logo.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/questionpro-logo.svg","caption":"QuestionPro"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/questionpro","https:\/\/twitter.com\/questionpro","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/questionpro\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/7aa2dda02c16e540da9fb962ee929652","name":"QuestionPro Collaborators","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"tr","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7c5e4f557ac4d597814687054d6305bc?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7c5e4f557ac4d597814687054d6305bc?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"QuestionPro Collaborators"},"description":"Worldwide team of Content Creation specialists focusing on Research, CX, Workforce, Audience and Education.","url":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/author\/aldro\/"}]}},"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Prospective-vs-Retrospective-Studies.jpg","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Prospective-vs-Retrospective-Studies.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"QuestionPro Collaborators","author_link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/author\/aldro\/"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/999295"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/80"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=999295"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/999295\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":999303,"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/999295\/revisions\/999303"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/998837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=999295"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=999295"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=999295"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}