

{"id":19972,"date":"2016-03-28T15:10:24","date_gmt":"2016-03-28T22:10:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/?p=19972"},"modified":"2023-08-23T05:28:03","modified_gmt":"2023-08-23T05:28:03","slug":"causal-analysis-does-x-cause-y","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/causal-analysis-does-x-cause-y\/","title":{"rendered":"Causal Analysis &#8211; Does X cause Y"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Causal Analysis<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>As a market researcher, I am always curious about the impact of marketing activities and purchase behavior. In short I wonder if our activities cause people to purchase our products and services. The notion of causal analysis goes back some time in the area of social, economic and business <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/causal-research\/\">causal research<\/a>. Our colleagues in the physical and life sciences have a much easier time asserting that X causes Y. Such is not the case in the business world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With that said the advent of web analytics and marketing automation has moved us closer to being able to say, with the conviction that spending a dollar on one activity causes consumers to respond in a predictable way. Yet as my early mentor Dr. Nabil Razzouk would say, \u201cat best we can predict some of the behavior some of the time.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n\t<div class=\"banner-section wf-section\" lang=\"\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"right-column-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"bannerbg white\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"h1-2\">Create memorable experiences based on real-time data, insights and advanced analysis.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#userliteForm\" data-toggle=\"modal\" class=\"button w-button\">Request Demo<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"userlite-modal modal fade\" id=\"userliteForm\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"dialog\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t<div class=\"modal-dialog\" role=\"document\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"modal-content\" role=\"document\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"modal-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"modal-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"close\" data-dismiss=\"modal\" aria-label=\"Close\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"material-icons\">close<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"contact-us-form-wrapper contact-box\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"userlite-form-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/userlite-form-blog-en.html?product=Research&amp;referralurl=https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19972&amp;lang=en&amp;cat=market-research\" style=\"display: block;\" ><\/iframe>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"demo-form-wrapper success-message-div\" style=\"display:none\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"success-message-para\"><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Most survey projects in consumer or B2B marketing research do not involve experimental design, although there is ample room to do so. Instead, we are often faced with the exercise of assessing the degree of association between variables. This is done through<a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/statistical-vs-managerial-significance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> statistical significance<\/a> testing. For example, the chart below illustrates the relationship between job satisfaction and job hunting. It is highly significant (p = .000) and would appear that satisfaction (or lack thereof) in one\u2019s job may lead to a job search.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Job-Satisfaction.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Job-Satisfaction.jpg\" alt=\"Causal Analysis\" class=\"wp-image-19983\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Yet, we are unable to say with certainty that low levels of job satisfaction cause a person to seek new employment. To make this definitive statement we would need to conduct experiments where we altered people\u2019s job satisfaction levels and assessed changes in job seeking behavior. This would be a very complicated process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, what we can say is that there is a significant association between levels of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/employee-satisfaction-survey.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">employee satisfaction<\/a> and an employee\u2019s willingness to search for new employment. Expanding on this, we can say that employees who are dissatisfied with their work are more than twice as likely to be conducting a job search (80% vs. 36%) than those who are presently satisfied.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Remember association is not causation. However, do not let this fact stop you from developing and implementing marketing programs designed to encourage specific behaviors. Causal analysis requires an experimental mindset. If we can employ this technique effectively only then can we make specific assertions about the impact of our marketing programs on key behaviors.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Causal Analysis As a market researcher, I am always curious about the impact of marketing activities and purchase behavior. In [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":136,"featured_media":774215,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[203],"tags":[531,658,377],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Causal Analysis - Does X cause Y | QuestionPro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Causal Analysis, when done properly, allows us the ability to make statements about the specific impacts our marketing programs have on consumer behavior.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/causal-analysis-does-x-cause-y\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Causal Analysis - Does X cause Y | QuestionPro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Causal Analysis, when done properly, allows us the ability to make statements about the specific impacts our marketing programs have on consumer behavior.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/causal-analysis-does-x-cause-y\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"QuestionPro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/questionpro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-03-28T22:10:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-08-23T05:28:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Web-movil-800x533-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"533\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Greg Timpany\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@questionpro\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@questionpro\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Greg Timpany\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/causal-analysis-does-x-cause-y\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/causal-analysis-does-x-cause-y\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Greg Timpany\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/dd964eb1605a56ae265b9c32f202ac62\"},\"headline\":\"Causal Analysis &#8211; 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