

{"id":56841,"date":"2018-04-27T04:26:30","date_gmt":"2018-04-27T11:26:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/?p=56841"},"modified":"2025-05-27T10:57:02","modified_gmt":"2025-05-27T17:57:02","slug":"what-is-research","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/what-is-research\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Research?: Definition, Methods, Types &#038; Examples"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The search for knowledge is closely linked to the object of study; that is, to the reconstruction of the facts that will provide an explanation to an observed event and that at first sight can be considered as a problem. It is very human to seek answers and satisfy our curiosity. Let&#8217;s talk about research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what_is_research?\"><b>What is Research?<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Research is the careful consideration of a study regarding a particular concern or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/research-problem\/\">research problem<\/a> using scientific methods. According to the American sociologist Earl Robert Babbie, &#8220;research is a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict, and control the observed phenomenon. It involves inductive and deductive methods.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inductive methods analyze an observed event, while deductive methods verify the observed event. Inductive approaches are associated with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/qualitative-research-methods\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">qualitative research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and deductive methods are more commonly associated with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/quantitative-analysis\/\">quantitative analysis<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Research is conducted with the<\/span> purpose of<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify potential and new customers<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Understand existing customers<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Set pragmatic goals<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Develop productive market strategies<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Address business challenges<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Put together a business expansion plan<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify new business opportunities<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what_are_the_characteristics_of_research?\"><b>What are the characteristics of research?<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Good research follows a systematic approach to capture accurate data. Researchers need to practice ethics and a code of conduct while making observations or drawing conclusions.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The analysis is based on logical reasoning and involves both inductive and deductive methods.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Real-time data and knowledge is derived from actual observations in natural settings.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/in-depth-analysis\/\">in-depth analysis<\/a> of all data collected so that there are no anomalies associated with it.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It creates a path for generating new questions. Existing data helps create more research opportunities.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is analytical and uses all the available data so that there is no ambiguity in inference.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Accuracy is one of the most critical aspects of research. The information must be accurate and correct. For example, laboratories provide a controlled environment to collect data. Accuracy is measured in the instruments used, the calibrations of instruments or tools, and the experiment&#8217;s final result.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n\t<div class=\"banner-section wf-section\" lang=\"\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"right-column-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"bannerbg white\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"h1-2\">Create memorable experiences based on real-time data, insights and advanced analysis.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#userliteForm\" data-toggle=\"modal\" class=\"button w-button\">Request Demo<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"userlite-modal modal fade\" id=\"userliteForm\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"dialog\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t<div class=\"modal-dialog\" role=\"document\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"modal-content\" role=\"document\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"modal-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"modal-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"close\" data-dismiss=\"modal\" aria-label=\"Close\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"material-icons\">close<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"contact-us-form-wrapper contact-box\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"userlite-form-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/userlite-form-blog-en.html?product=Research&amp;referralurl=https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56841&amp;lang=en&amp;cat=market-research\" style=\"display: block;\" ><\/iframe>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"demo-form-wrapper success-message-div\" style=\"display:none\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"success-message-para\"><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what_is_the_purpose_of_research?\"><b>What is the purpose of research?<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are three main purposes:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li><b>Exploratory: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As the name suggests, researchers conduct <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/exploratory-research\/\">exploratory studies<\/a> to explore a group of questions. The answers and analytics may not offer a conclusion to the perceived problem. It is undertaken to handle new problem areas that haven&#8217;t been explored before. This <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/exploratory-data-analysis\/\">exploratory data analysis<\/a> process lays the foundation for more conclusive data collection and analysis.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><em>LEARN ABOUT:<\/em><\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/descriptive-analysis\/\">Descriptive Analysis<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li><b>Descriptive: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It focuses on expanding knowledge on current issues through a process of data collection. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/descriptive-research\/\">Descriptive research<\/a> describe the behavior of a sample population. Only one variable is required to conduct the study. The three primary purposes of descriptive studies are describing, explaining, and validating the findings. For example, a study was conducted to determine if top-level management leaders in the 21st century possess the moral right to receive a considerable sum of money from the company&#8217;s profit.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em><strong>LEARN ABOUT:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/data-collection-tools\/\">Best Data Collection Tools<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li><b>Explanatory: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/causal-research\/\">Causal research<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/explanatory-research\/\">explanatory research<\/a> is conducted to understand the impact of specific changes in existing standard procedures. Running experiments is the most popular form. For example, a study was conducted to understand the effect of rebranding on customer loyalty.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" id=\"comparative_analysis_chart\"><strong>Here is a comparative analysis chart for a better understanding:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td><b>Exploratory Research<\/b><\/td><td><b>Descriptive Research<\/b><\/td><td><b>Explanatory Research<\/b><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Approach used <\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unstructured <\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Structured <\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Highly structured <\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conducted through<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Asking questions <\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Asking questions <\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By using hypotheses. <\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Time<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Early stages of decision making <\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Later stages of decision making<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Later stages of decision making<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It begins by asking the right questions and choosing an appropriate method to investigate the problem. After collecting answers to your questions, you can analyze the findings or observations to draw reasonable conclusions.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When it comes to customers and market studies, the more thorough your questions, the better the analysis. You get essential insights into brand perception and product needs by thoroughly collecting customer data through <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/surveys\/\">surveys<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/what-is-a-questionnaire\/\">questionnaires<\/a>. You can use this data to make smart decisions about your marketing strategies to position your business effectively.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To make sense of your study and get insights faster, it helps to use a research repository as a single source of truth in your organization and manage your research data in one centralized <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/data-repository\/\">data repository<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"types_of_research_methods_and_example\"><b>Types of Research Methods and Examples<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"992\" height=\"594\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Research-Methods_without-logo.jpg\" alt=\"what is research\" class=\"wp-image-60688\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Research methods are broadly classified as <\/span><strong>Qualitative <\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><strong>Quantitative<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Both methods have distinctive properties and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/data-collection-methods\/\">data collection methods<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"qualitative_methods\"><b>Qualitative methods<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/qualitative-research-methods\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qualitative research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a method that collects data using conversational methods, usually <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/what-are-open-ended-questions\/\">open-ended questions<\/a>. The responses collected are essentially non-numerical. This method helps a researcher understand what participants think and why they think in a particular way.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Types of qualitative methods include:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One-to-one Interview<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/focus-group\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Focus Groups<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ethnographic studies<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/tour\/text-analysis.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Text Analysis<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Case Study<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"quantitative_methods\"><b>Quantitative methods<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/quantitative-research\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Quantitative<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> methods deal with numbers and measurable <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/forms.html\">forms<\/a>. It uses a systematic way of investigating events or data. It answers questions to justify relationships with measurable variables to either explain, predict, or control a phenomenon.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Types of quantitative methods include:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/article\/survey-research.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Survey research<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/descriptive-research\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Descriptive research<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/correlational-research\/#:~:text=Correlational%20research%20is%20a%20type,influence%20from%20any%20extraneous%20variable.\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Correlational research<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>LEARN MORE:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/descriptive-research-vs-correlational-research\/\">Descriptive Research vs Correlational Research<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Remember, it is only valuable and useful when it is valid, accurate, and reliable. Incorrect results can lead to customer churn and a decrease in sales.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is essential to ensure that your data is:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Valid \u2013 founded, logical, rigorous, and impartial.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Accurate \u2013 free of errors and including required details.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reliable \u2013 other people who investigate in the same way can produce similar results.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Timely \u2013 current and collected within an appropriate time frame.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Complete \u2013 includes all the data you need to support your business decisions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a class=\"square-cta secondary-lined-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/a\/showEntry.do?classID=1053&amp;sourceRef=research-edition-home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Gather insights<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"8_tips_for_conducting_accurate_research\"><b>8 tips for conducting accurate research<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"992\" height=\"719\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/22-8-tips-for-conductiong-accurate-research-min.jpg\" alt=\"What is a research - tips\" class=\"wp-image-118659\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify the main trends and issues, opportunities, and problems you observe. Write a sentence describing each one.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keep track of the frequency with which each of the main findings appears.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Make a list of your findings from the most common to the least common.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Evaluate a list of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats identified in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/swot-analysis-example\/\">SWOT analysis<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prepare conclusions and recommendations about your study.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Act on your strategies<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Look for gaps in the information, and consider doing additional inquiry if necessary<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plan to review the results and consider efficient methods to analyze and interpret results.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Review your goals before making any conclusions about your study. Remember how the process you have completed and the data you have gathered help answer your questions. Ask yourself if what your analysis revealed facilitates the identification of your conclusions and recommendations.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/research-edition-survey-software\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><button>LEARN MORE ABOUT OUR SOFTWARE<\/button><\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/a\/showEntry.do?classID=1053&amp;sourceRef=blog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><button>FREE TRIAL<\/button><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The search for knowledge is closely linked to the object of study; that is, to the reconstruction of the facts [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":65,"featured_media":303116,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[203],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What is Research - Definition, Types, Methods &amp; Examples<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Use research to conduct a systematic investigation about a topic using scientific methods. 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