

{"id":62570,"date":"2018-08-30T08:40:56","date_gmt":"2018-08-30T15:40:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/?p=62570"},"modified":"2018-08-30T08:40:56","modified_gmt":"2018-08-30T15:40:56","slug":"guttman-scale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/","title":{"rendered":"Guttman Scale: Definition, Characteristics and Examples"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"tags-wrap\">\n<p class=\"content-index\" style=\"margin-top: 0;\">Content Index<\/p>\n<ol style=\"font-weight: 400; margin: 0 30px; line-height: 22px;\">\n<li><a href=\"#Guttman_Scale_Definition\">Guttman Scale Definition<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#Guttman_Scale_Characteristics\">Guttman Scale Characteristics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#Steps_for_developing_a_Guttman_Scale_with_Examples\">Steps for developing a Guttman Scale with Examples<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#Guttman_Scale_Applications_with_Examples\">Guttman Scale Applications with Examples<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#Guttman_Scale_Advantages\">Guttman Scale Advantages<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-62571\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Guttman-scale_Final1.jpg\" alt=\"Guttman scale\" width=\"992\" height=\"594\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Guttman_Scale_Definition\" class=\"blankurl\"><\/a><b>Guttman Scale Definition<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guttman scale is one of the three unidimensional scales, the other two being &#8211; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/article\/likert-scale-survey-questions.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Likert Scale<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and Thurstone Scale. Guttman scale also called cumulative scaling or scalogram analysis is created with elements that can possibly be ordered in a hierarchical manner. It is representative of the extreme \u201cattitude\u201d of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/features\/survey-respondents.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">respondents<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, i.e. extremely positive or negative, about the subject in-hand. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This scale is used by researchers in situations where a unidimensional scale for a continuum of opinions is required. \u201cUni\u201d-dimensional scale indicates that the answer options\u00a0have only one measurement parameter, i.e., a range of numbers can be associated with the scale. For instance, \u201cOn a scale of 0-10, how satisfied are you with the service of this airline?\u201d &#8211; can be indicated with unidimensional answer options. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guttman scale has a list of statements. It can be inferred that respondents who agree to the statement placed at the end of this list, would have agreed to all the other statements above the last one. Each statement will have a corresponding weight associated with it. The cumulation of the weight according to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/7-customer-feedback-fails-that-will-drive-your-business-into-the-ground\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">respondent feedback<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> will help researchers in predicting the number of statements agreeable to the respondents. For example, on a 5 scale Guttman scale, if a respondent scores 3 &#8211; it indicates that he\/she has agreed to the first 3 statements of the scale\u00a0if a different respondent scores 5 &#8211; it indicates that he\/she has agreed to all the statements on this cumulative scale. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The main goal of this scale is to filter those respondents who comply with 100% of the statements mentioned in the scale. But, practically it is highly improbable that respondents totally comply with a series of statements and thus, scalogram analysis is conducted to evaluate the closest set of statements that the target <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/audience\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">audience<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> agrees with. Bogardus scale is a populat example of the Guttman scale.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Learn more: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/likert-scale-examples\/\">Likert Scale Examples<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"Guttman_Scale_Characteristics\" class=\"blankurl\"><\/a><b>Guttman Scale Characteristics<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Unidimensional in nature:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Guttman scale has statements in the order of difficulty &#8211; from the least difficult to the most difficult and is thus, unidirectional in nature. In a 10-item Guttman scale, if a respondent score 8 &#8211; it is indicative of the fact that the respondent agrees with the first 8 statements of the scale and disagrees with the last two statements of the scale. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Deterministic model: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/features\/track-responses.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">responses<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are considered according to the last agreed statement of the scale and are cumulative of the responses. The answers to all the statements can be judged on the basis of this cumulative score due to the deterministic nature of this scale. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Reproducible questions are added:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Guttman scale only has questions which are reproducible, which means that those questions which will not be able to produce desired results will be eliminated from the scale and only those questions which can boost the purpose of scalability will be included. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Ordinal nature of data:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The list of statements is arranged in an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/ordinal-data\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ordinal<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> manner, i.e., from the minimum important statement to the maximum important statement.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Learn more: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/ordinal-scale\/\">Ordinal Scale<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"Steps_for_developing_a_Guttman_Scale_with_Examples\" class=\"blankurl\"><\/a><b>Steps for developing a Guttman Scale with Examples<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To explain the process of developing a Guttman scale in detail, we will be considering an example &#8211; After the school shootings across the U.S., should laws be designed for the staff and administration to carry guns to school? It has been a raging topic amongst students after the intensity of the shootings has enhanced over the past few years. There are five main steps in the process of developing a Guttman scale. <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Clarify the objective of using Guttman scale: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Every <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/nominal-ordinal-interval-ratio\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">scaling method<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> should have a clearly defined objective for effective implementation. In the above-mentioned example, if students wish to calculate a cumulative score of those in support of staff and administration possessing guns in school &#8211; this can be their objective for conducting a Guttman scale. In the objective, it needs to be made clear whether all staff members or just some possessing guns will fulfill the purpose. <\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Create a list of statements: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In order to gain <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/seven-tips-for-creating-insights\/\">desired insights<\/a> about designing of laws, those in charge can create a list of statements for the scale or involve specialists so that effective statements can be included in the scale.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I support the prohibition of sales of gun bump stocks. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I do not support any regulations on gun sales to the civilian population.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I support the prohibition of gun sales to civilians altogether.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I support stricter background checks during the process of gun sales. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I support prohibiting gun sales to mentally ill people. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guttman scale statements are often expected to be 80-100 in number for reasonable results.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Learn more: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/teacher-evaluation\/\">Teacher Evaluation Surveys<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Associate values to each of the statements: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The experts involved in the process of developing the statements should assign values to each of the statements according to their importance to the topic of laws against school shootings. The experts are expected to answer Yes &#8211; if the statement is in favor of laws against school shootings and No- if the statement is not in favor of laws against school shootings. Also, a very critical aspect needs to be addressed at this step &#8211; the values assigned should not involve personal opinions of the experts and instead should merely be on the basis of their contribution towards laws for school shootings. <\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Structurize the Guttman scale for analysis: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Analysis of Guttman scale is the most important step. The answers received for various statements can be represented in a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/help\/matrix-multipoint-scale-question.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Matrix<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table class=\"table-border\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Respondent<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Statement 1<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Statement 2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Statement 3 <\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Statement 4<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Statement 5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">15<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">16<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">20<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">21<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the above-mentioned <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/features\/side-by-side-matrix.html\">matrix<\/a>, in the first row, if someone agrees to statement 5, it indicates that the individual must have agreed to the preceding statements, i.e. &#8211; statement 1 to statement 4. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also, there can be exceptions in the respondent answers but generally, those respondents who agree to statement 4 would have agreed to the statements 1 to statement 3. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In case there is a restrictive list of statements, it is extremely convenient for marketers to analyze data but when a large <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/data-collection\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">data is collected<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, analysis becomes a tough step. In that case, marketers are expected to analyze a subset that is closest to the desired cumulative. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Learn more: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/article\/market-research-surveys-guide.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guide to Market Research Surveys<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are various statistical analysis techniques to analyze collected data to form a closest to ideal Guttman scale. This <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/quantitative-data\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">quantitative data<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> also represents the value of each of the items in the scale. <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Administer the Scale: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After deciding the various items (statements) of the scale, it is time to administer answers obtained for each of the items. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/features\/survey-respondents.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Respondents<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have to just submit their agreement towards each of the statement. <\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For the example of laws against school shooting, the order of the statements can be as mentioned below: <\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I do not support any regulations on gun sales to civilian population. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I support stricter background checks during the process of gun sales. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I support the prohibition of sales of gun bump stocks. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I support prohibiting gun sales to mentally ill people.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I support prohibition of gun sales to civilians altogether. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"square-cta secondary-lined-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/a\/showEntry.do?mode=audience&amp;sourceRef=blog-audience\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Select your respondents<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"Guttman_Scale_Applications_with_Examples\" class=\"blankurl\"><\/a><b>Guttman Scale Applications with Examples\u00a0<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guttman scale is popular in social scaling applications and also while calculating <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/culture-survey\/\">organizational culture<\/a>, education or achievement evaluation in general.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Learn more: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/survey-templates\/supervision-evaluation\/\">Supervisor Evaluation<\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Application 1: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guttman scale is used to evaluate an organization\u2019s hierarchical structure. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By including questions that analyze the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/new-feature-workforce-self-select-hierarchy-for-employee-360-surveys\/\">employee hierarchy<\/a> such as: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I am willing to contribute towards the social causes supported by my organization. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I am willing to work longer hours to complete the assigned task. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I am willing to communicate better with my team members. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I am willing to attend conferences and seminars <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Application 2: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This cumulative scaling method can also be used to measure a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/customer-journey-map\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">customer journey<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this case, the below-mentioned questions can be a part of the scale: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I could easily solve my problem by contacting the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/customer-service\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">customer service<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> team. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I could get the products delivered to my doorstep. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I could get in touch with the support team quickly. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I could look for the required products easily on the company\u2019s website. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I could make the payment for the products easily. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Learn more: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/survey-templates\/customer-satisfaction-surveys\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Customer Satisfaction Surveys<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"Guttman_Scale_Advantages\" class=\"blankurl\"><\/a><b>Guttman Scale Advantages\u00a0<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Highly hierarchical and structured in nature: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Due to the hierarchical and structured nature of this scale, it can be extremely productive in short <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/tour\/surveys.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">surveys<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">questionnaires<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. For example, to analyze social distance, employee hierarchy, stages of evolution etc.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Implemented to gain insights for multiple queries:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Guttman scale includes multiple statements for the respondents to answer which occupies a short space in an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/what-are-online-surveys\/\">online survey<\/a>. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>More intuitive than other uni-dimensional scales:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The way in which the answers are represented in this scale makes Guttman scale extremely intuitive for users.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Produces data in a ranked manner:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The statements mentioned in this scale have their degree of importance and values associated accordingly. Thus, the results of this scale are in terms of ranks. \u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Learn more: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/interval-scale\/\">Interval Scale<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Content Index Guttman Scale Definition Guttman Scale Characteristics Steps for developing a Guttman Scale with Examples Guttman Scale Applications with [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":86,"featured_media":62571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[206,203],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Guttman Scale: Definition, Characteristics and Examples | QuestionPro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Guttman scale also called cumulative scaling or scalogram analysis is created with elements that can possibly be ordered in a hierarchical manner. Learn about Guttman scale definition, application with examples and advantages.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Guttman Scale: Definition, Characteristics and Examples | QuestionPro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Guttman scale also called cumulative scaling or scalogram analysis is created with elements that can possibly be ordered in a hierarchical manner. Learn about Guttman scale definition, application with examples and advantages.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"QuestionPro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/questionpro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-08-30T15:40:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Guttman-scale_Final1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"992\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"594\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Adi Bhat\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@questionpro\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@questionpro\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Adi Bhat\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Adi Bhat\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6240dce6e1901b1a6c7f3dbd3e22567f\"},\"headline\":\"Guttman Scale: Definition, Characteristics and Examples\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-08-30T15:40:56+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-08-30T15:40:56+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/\"},\"wordCount\":1536,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Audience\",\"Market Research\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/\",\"name\":\"Guttman Scale: Definition, Characteristics and Examples | QuestionPro\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2018-08-30T15:40:56+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-08-30T15:40:56+00:00\",\"description\":\"Guttman scale also called cumulative scaling or scalogram analysis is created with elements that can possibly be ordered in a hierarchical manner. Learn about Guttman scale definition, application with examples and advantages.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Audience\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/category\/audience\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Guttman Scale: Definition, Characteristics and Examples\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"QuestionPro\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#organization\",\"name\":\"QuestionPro\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/questionpro-logo.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/questionpro-logo.svg\",\"caption\":\"QuestionPro\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/questionpro\",\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/questionpro\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/questionpro\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6240dce6e1901b1a6c7f3dbd3e22567f\",\"name\":\"Adi Bhat\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/33be79da19de28bbea9b5a059532a027?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/33be79da19de28bbea9b5a059532a027?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Adi Bhat\"},\"description\":\"Aditya Bhat, a.k.a. \u2018Adi\u2019, is a thought leader in market strategy and business development. He leads QuestionPro's sales teams to partner with companies, government organizations, and nonprofit institution.\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/author\/adityabhat\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Guttman Scale: Definition, Characteristics and Examples | QuestionPro","description":"Guttman scale also called cumulative scaling or scalogram analysis is created with elements that can possibly be ordered in a hierarchical manner. Learn about Guttman scale definition, application with examples and advantages.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Guttman Scale: Definition, Characteristics and Examples | QuestionPro","og_description":"Guttman scale also called cumulative scaling or scalogram analysis is created with elements that can possibly be ordered in a hierarchical manner. Learn about Guttman scale definition, application with examples and advantages.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/","og_site_name":"QuestionPro","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/questionpro","article_published_time":"2018-08-30T15:40:56+00:00","og_image":[{"width":992,"height":594,"url":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Guttman-scale_Final1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Adi Bhat","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@questionpro","twitter_site":"@questionpro","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Adi Bhat","Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/"},"author":{"name":"Adi Bhat","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6240dce6e1901b1a6c7f3dbd3e22567f"},"headline":"Guttman Scale: Definition, Characteristics and Examples","datePublished":"2018-08-30T15:40:56+00:00","dateModified":"2018-08-30T15:40:56+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/"},"wordCount":1536,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#organization"},"articleSection":["Audience","Market Research"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/","url":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/","name":"Guttman Scale: Definition, Characteristics and Examples | QuestionPro","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#website"},"datePublished":"2018-08-30T15:40:56+00:00","dateModified":"2018-08-30T15:40:56+00:00","description":"Guttman scale also called cumulative scaling or scalogram analysis is created with elements that can possibly be ordered in a hierarchical manner. Learn about Guttman scale definition, application with examples and advantages.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/guttman-scale\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Audience","item":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/category\/audience\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Guttman Scale: Definition, Characteristics and Examples"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/","name":"QuestionPro","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#organization","name":"QuestionPro","url":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/questionpro-logo.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/questionpro-logo.svg","caption":"QuestionPro"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/questionpro","https:\/\/twitter.com\/questionpro","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/questionpro\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6240dce6e1901b1a6c7f3dbd3e22567f","name":"Adi Bhat","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/33be79da19de28bbea9b5a059532a027?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/33be79da19de28bbea9b5a059532a027?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Adi Bhat"},"description":"Aditya Bhat, a.k.a. \u2018Adi\u2019, is a thought leader in market strategy and business development. He leads QuestionPro's sales teams to partner with companies, government organizations, and nonprofit institution.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/"],"url":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/author\/adityabhat\/"}]}},"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Guttman-scale_Final1.jpg","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Guttman-scale_Final1.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"Adi Bhat","author_link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/author\/adityabhat\/"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62570"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/86"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62570"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62570\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62570"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62570"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62570"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}