Decision Making on Foreign Language

Recently, a serious financial crisis has started. Without any action, the company you manage will lose 600.000 euros. In order to save this money, two types of actions are possible:

If you choose Action A, 200.000 euros will be saved. If you choose Action B, there is 33.3% chance that 600.000 euros will be saved and 66.6 % chance that no money will be saved.Which action do you choose?

Suppose you are the driver of a trolley. The trolley rounds a bend, and there come into view ahead five track workmen, who have been repairing the track. The track goes through a bit of a valley at that point, and the sides are steep, so you must stop the trolley if you are to avoid running the five men down. You step on the brakes, but alas they don't work. Now you suddenly see a spur of track leading off to the right. You can turn the trolley onto it, and thus save the five men on the straight track ahead. Unfortunately, there is one track workman on that spur of track. He can no more get off the track in time than the five can, so you will kill him if you turn the trolley onto him. Is it morally permissible for you to turn the trolley?

YES

Consider the following two options, and select the one you prefer:
Option A: gives 500 euros with probability 100%
Option B: gives 2500 euros with probability 10%, 500 euros with probability 89%, and 0 euros with probability 1%.

Consider the following two options, and select the one you prefer:
Option C: gives 500 euros with probability 11%, and 0 euros with probability 89%.
Option D: gives 2500 euros with probability 10% and 0 euros with probability 90%.

Consider for example the following problem:
Box 1: Contains 50 red tokens and 50 black tokens
.Box 2: The number of red and black tokens is unknown. It could be any number between 0 red tokens (and hence 100 black tokens) and 100 red tokens (and hence 0 black tokens).Please, answer to the following two questions.

One token will be randomly selected from the box that you choose. Suppose that if the token is red you win $100, while if it is black you win nothing. Which box do you choose?

BOX 1

BOX 2

One token will be randomly selected from the box that you choose. Suppose that if the token is black you win $100, while if it is red you win nothing. Which box do you choose?

BOX 1

BOX 2

Imagine that you want to buy a jacket for 125 euros and a calculator for 15 euros. The salesman tells you that the calculator you want to buy is on offer for 10 euros at their other shop, located 20 min drive away. Would you make the trip to the other shop?

YES

A baseball-bat and a baseball-ball cost 1.10 Euros in total. The bat costs one Euro more than the ball. How much does the ball cost?

If it takes 5 machines 5 min to make 5 keyboards, how long would it take 100 machines to make 100 keyboards?

In a lake, there is an area with flowers. Every day, the area doubles in size. If it takes 48 days for the area to cover the entire lake, how long would it take for the area to cover half of the lake?