Hello:
I am Sabra Abbott, Ph.D. currently a second year Medical student at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. My Principal Investigator, Shalini Manchanda, M.D. and I are interested in assessing the efficacy of the transmission of knowledge about sleep disorders in medical schools over the past 15-20 years.
In a recent survey, over 75% of Americans reported having a problem with their sleep, but sleep medicine has only recently become a regular part of the medical curriculum. We are interested in determining whether knowledge of sleep disorders has improved following additions to the medical curriculum, through a survey of medical students and physicians across the span of 35 years of practice.
You are invited to participate in our survey on knowledge of sleep and sleep disorders. In this survey, physicians and medical students will be asked to complete a survey that asks questions about sleep and treatment of sleep disorders. Correct answers will be provided for any survey questions answered incorrectly, so you will have the opportunity to learn more about sleep and sleep disorders by taking this survey. It will take approximately 10 minutes to complete the questionnaire.
Your participation in this study is completely voluntary. There are no foreseeable risks associated with this project. However, if you feel uncomfortable answering any questions, you can withdraw from the survey at any point. It is very important for us to learn your opinions in order to be able to design effective teaching programs for future educational programs.
Your survey responses will be strictly confidential and data from this research will be reported only in the aggregate, excluding references to any individual responses. Your information will be coded and will remain confidential. If you have questions at any time about the survey or the procedures, you may contact Sabra Abbott by email at the email address specified below.
Thank you very much for your time and support. Please start with the survey now by clicking on the Continue button below. Your participation in the study will confirm your consent.
This informed consent statement has been approved by the University of Illinois and Carle Institutional Review Boards. You are encouraged to print a copy of this statement for your records.
In case you have any questions, please contact either Dr. Sabra Abbott at (217) 373-1151 or [email protected] or Dr. Shalini Manchanda at (217) 265-5167 or [email protected]. You may also call the Univeristy IRB office at (217) 333-2670 or email at [email protected], or the Carle IRB office at (217) 383-4366.
REM behavior disorder is primarily associated with which of the following conditions? Correct. REM behavior disorder is a disorder in which the atonia normally associated with REM sleep is absent. REM behavior disorder has been found in association with various neurological conditions, such as brainstem neoplasm, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer dementia, and may precede the development of Parkinsons.
Incorrect. REM behavior disorder is a disorder in which the atonia normally associated with REM sleep is absent. REM behavior disorder has been found in association with various neurological conditions, such as brainstem neoplasm, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer dementia, and may precede the development of Parkinsons.
Cataplexy is best described by which of the following? Correct. Cateplexy is defined as a sudden decrement in muscle tone, usually precipitated by an outburst of emotional expression. During cateplexy respiration and voluntary eye movements are not compromised.
Incorrect. Cateplexy is defined as a sudden decrement in muscle tone, usually precipitated by an outburst of emotional expression. During cateplexy respiration and voluntary eye movements are not compromised.
Which of the following conditions is most commonly associated with excessive daytime sleepiness? Correct. While insomnia, major depressive disorder and nightmare disorder can all be associated with disrupted sleep, the most common disoder associated with excessive daytime sleepiness is obstructive sleep apnea.
Incorrect. While insomnia, major depressive disorder and nightmare disorder can all be associated with disrupted sleep, the most common disoder associated with excessive daytime sleepiness is obstructive sleep apnea.
Optimal long-term treatment outcomes for chronic, primary insomnia are achieved with which of the following therapies? Correct. Primary insomnia is associated with physiologic, emotional, and cognitive arousal, so cognitive behavioral therapy is the most appropriate treatment.
Incorrect. Primary insomnia is associated with physiologic, emotional, and cognitive arousal, so cognitive behavioral therapy is the most appropriate treatment.
A polysomnogram (sleep study) is required for the diagnosis of which of the following sleep disorders? Correct. Polysomnography is required for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea. The other three are diagnosed by taking a careful sleep history. A detailed sleep log will aid in the diagnosis of delayed sleep phase syndrome.
Incorrect. Polysomnography is required for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea. The other three are diagnosed by taking a careful sleep history. A detailed sleep log will aid in the diagnosis of delayed sleep phase syndrome. Acute ingestion of alcohol just prior to sleep onset has the following effect: Correct. Alcohol consumed within an hour of bedtime decreases the amount of time necessary to fall asleep, but disrupts the second half of the sleep period, resulting in fitful sleep, awakening from dreams, and difficulty returning to sleep.
Incorrect. Alcohol consumed within an hour of bedtime decreases the amount of time necessary to fall asleep, but disrupts the second half of the sleep period, resulting in fitful sleep, awakening from dreams, and difficulty returning to sleep.
Which of the following is the recommended treatment for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea? Correct. For moderate to severe cases of obstructive sleep apnea, nasal continuous positive airway pressure is the most effective treatment, and has become the standard of care.
Incorrect. For moderate to severe cases of obstructive sleep apnea, nasal continuous positive airway pressure is the most effective treatment, and has become the standard of care.
Initial evaluation of a patient with an insomnia complaint should include which of the following? Correct. Determining the timing of insomnia and the patient's sleep habits are important for diagnosis, and can be obtained through a sleep log.
Incorrect. Determining the timing of insomnia and the patient's sleep habits are important for diagnosis, and can be obtained through a sleep log.
Major depressive disorder is primarily associated with which of the following sleep disturbances? Correct. Insomnia is commonly associated with major depressive disorder.
Incorrect. Insomnia is commonly associated with major depressive disorder.
The standard objective measure of daytime sleepiness is: Correct. The Multiple Sleep Latency Test is the most commonly used objective measure in assessment of daytime sleepiness. The Epworth sleepiness scale is a commonly used, statistically validated questionnaire for daytime sleepiness. A polysomnogram measures a variety of variables during sleep, but is not a practical means of measuring daytime sleepiness. A sleep log will provide information about a patients sleep habits, but will not provide an objective measure of daytime sleepiness. Incorrect. The Multiple Sleep Latency Test is the most commonly used objective measure in assessment of daytime sleepiness. The Epworth sleepiness scale is a commonly used, statistically validated questionnaire for daytime sleepiness. A polysomnogram measures a variety of variables during sleep, but is not a practical means of measuring daytime sleepiness. A sleep log will provide information about a patients sleep habits, but will not provide an objective measure of daytime sleepiness. A 45-year-old woman presents complaining of symptoms consistent with restless leg syndrome. These symptoms interfere with her ability to initiate and maintain sleep most nights. She also has complaints of excessive daytime sleepiness, despite sleeping 8-9 hours per night, and finds herself routinely dozing off unintentionally while reading. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacological treatment for her current symptoms? A 45-year-old woman presents complaining of symptoms consistent with restless leg syndrome. These symptoms interfere with her ability to initiate and maintain sleep most nights. She also has complaints of excessive daytime sleepiness, despite sleeping 8-9 hours per night, and finds herself routinely dozing off unintentionally while reading. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacological treatment for her current symptoms? A 45-year-old woman presents complaining of symptoms consistent with restless leg syndrome. These symptoms interfere with her ability to initiate and maintain sleep most nights. She also has complaints of excessive daytime sleepiness, despite sleeping 8-9 hours per night, and finds herself routinely dozing off unintentionally while reading. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacological treatment for her current symptoms? Correct. A dopamine agonist should improve the sensory symptoms that are interfering with her ability to initiate and maintain sleep. This, in turn, should improve her sleep at night, which should alleviate the symptoms of excessive daytime sleepiness.
Incorrect. A dopamine agonist should improve the sensory symptoms that are interfering with her ability to initiate and maintain sleep. This, in turn, should improve her sleep at night, which should alleviate the symptoms of excessive daytime sleepiness.
REM sleep normally begins: Correct. The normal latency to REM sleep is at least 90 minutes. REM sleep accounts for 10-25% of total sleep time, and predominates later in the sleep period.
Incorrect. The normal latency to REM sleep is at least 90 minutes. REM sleep accounts for 10-25% of total sleep time, and predominates later in the sleep period.
A normal sleeper is aroused briefly after every minute of sleep for 2 consecutive nights. Even with this manipulation, the subject averages 6 hours of sleep between arousals. What effect would these arousals have on performance and subjective sleepiness? Correct. Periodic disruption of sleep results in a greater impairment of sleep, due to decreased sleep continuity. This may explain the impairment observed in severe sleep apnea.
Incorrect. Periodic disruption of sleep results in a greater impairment of sleep, due to decreased sleep continuity. This may explain the impairment observed in severe sleep apnea.
The locus of the primary (or dominant) circadian clock is: Incorrect. While the locus coeruleus, thalamus and raphe nucleus all play important roles in the sleep wake cycle, and can influence circadian rhythms, the suprachiasmatic nucleus is the primary regulator of the circadian clock.
Correct. While the locus coeruleus, thalamus and raphe nucleus all play important roles in the sleep wake cycle, and can influence circadian rhythms, the suprachiasmatic nucleus is the primary regulator of the circadian clock.
An individual is being assessed for complaints of fatigue. A Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) is administered and the patient produces an average sleep onset latency of 12 minutes. What is the best interpretation of this result? Correct. Normal adult values range from 10-20 minutes, while sleep latencies of less than 8 minutes indicate abnormal sleepiness.
Incorrect. Normal adult values range from 10-20 minutes, while sleep latencies of less than 8 minutes indicate abnormal sleepiness.
A 17 year old male presents with difficulty falling asleep until 3 am and difficulty awakening for school at 7 am. He sleeps normally from 3 am until noon, when permitted, and then has normal alertness during waking hours. He is most likely experiencing which of the following? Correct. Delayed sleep phase syndrome is characterized by sleep onset and wake times that are usually delayed 3 to 6 hours relative to conventional sleep-wake times. Sleep itself is normal, however the adolescent is unable to fall asleep before 2-6 am and prefers a wake up time between 10 am and 1 pm.
Incorrect. Delayed sleep phase syndrome is characterized by sleep onset and wake times that are usually delayed 3 to 6 hours relative to conventional sleep-wake times. Sleep itself is normal, however the adolescent is unable to fall asleep before 2-6 am and prefers a wake up time between 10 am and 1 pm.
During a routine pediatric clinic visit, a mother reports that she has been finding her 7-year-old son up and walking around at night. These episodes occur 1-2 hours after the patient goes to bed. Although the patient may answer his mother if she talks to him, he has no recollection of the event the next day. Which of the following sleep-wake stages is this disturbance most likely to arise from? Correct. Sleepwalking (somnambulism) is most likely to arise from stage 3/4 sleep.
Incorrect. Sleepwalking (somnambulism) is most likely to arise from stage 3/4 sleep.
Disorders commonly presenting with excessive day-time sleepiness include all of the following except: Correct. Patients with major depressive disorder tend to have a normal, or slightly reduced sleep latency, while all other disorders commonly present with excessive daytime sleepiness.
Incorrect. Patients with major depressive disorder tend to have a normal, or slightly reduced sleep latency, while all other disorders commonly present with excessive daytime sleepiness.
Obstructive sleep apnea has been associated with an increased risk of developing which of the following: Question type setup error. Please contact support to resolve. Question type setup error. Please contact support to resolve. A 28-year-old woman with a history of depression and anxiety undergoes polysomnography as part of a research study examining sleep and depression. She is currently taking lorazepam 0.5 mg TID. Benzodiazepines have been associated with which effect on sleep architecture? Question type setup error. Please contact support to resolve. Question type setup error. Please contact support to resolve. Which of the following statements best describes individual sleep need? Question type setup error. Please contact support to resolve. Question type setup error. Please contact support to resolve. Which of the following most commonly characterizes sleep in older individuals? Correct. While sleep need remains the same, the ability to maintain sleep declines with age.
Incorrect. While sleep need remains the same, the ability to maintain sleep declines with age.
The leading cause of chronic insomnia is: Correct. Major depressive disorder is the leading cause of chronic insomnia in adults. While a minority of sleep apnea patients may complain of insomina, the majority present with hypersomnia.
Incorrect. Major depressive disorder is the leading cause of chronic insomnia in adults. While a minority of sleep apnea patients may complain of insomina, the majority present with hypersomnia.
All of the following statements regarding sleep-wake cycle/circadian rhythm are true except: Correct. Forward shift rotations (day-evening-night) actually produce less disruption than shift rotations that alternate in the other direction. Up to 25% of workers may not adapt if shifts are rotated in the other direction (night-evening-day).
Incorrect. Forward shift rotations (day-evening-night) actually produce less disruption than shift rotations that alternate in the other direction. Up to 25% of workers may not adapt if shifts are rotated in the other direction (night-evening-day).
Have you ever attended a CME course that dealt with sleep/sleep disorders? What topics were covered in this course(s)? How many years has it been since you graduated from medical school? What is your primary medical specialty? |
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