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CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE IN RESEARCH: DIETING BEHAVIORS OF HOMOSEXUAL MEN INTRODUCTION You are invited to participate in a research study conducted at the University of New Mexico. The results will contribute to a senior thesis project in the Psychology Honors Program. The study is exploring masculinity and dieting behaviors of homosexual males. You have been identified as a possible participant in the study as a homosexual male; participation in the study is completely voluntary, and you will not receive any compensation for your participation. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The purpose of the study is to better understand masculinity levels and the dieting behaviors of homosexual men. PROCEDURES You will be asked to complete a series of questionnaires that will ask about basic demographic information, gender roles, your current mood, and dieting behaviors. The study will take approximately twenty minutes; however, the amount of time you are allowed to complete the questionnaires is not limited, and you may take as long as you wish. You will not receive any payment for your participation. POTENTIAL RISKS AND DISCOMFORTS There is a possibility that you may experience some discomfort from completing questionnaires about basic demographic information, gender roles, or dieting behaviors. Some of the information you provide may feel sensitive to you, making you feel uncomfortable sharing the information. Also, it is possible that you may feel some mental fatigue from filling out questionnaires via internet. If for any reason you feel you are experiencing distress or discomfort, you may call The Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender National Hotline at 1-888-843-4564 or through e-mail at www.glnh.org, AGORA-UNM Crisis Center at 1-505-277-3013, or the Hopeline Network at 1-800-784-2433. These crisis resources will appear at the top of each page of the survey for your access and can provide immediate counseling, or refer you to an appropriate agency in your area where you may talk about your feelings with a trained professional. POTENTIAL BENEFITS TO PARTICIPANTS AND/OR SOCIETY As a participant, you will not benefit directly for your participation in the study, and will receive no compensation for your participation. However, social benefits include a better understanding of the dieting behaviors of homosexual men and their implications for the welfare of this population. CONFIDENTIALITY Any information obtained in connection with this study will be used for research purposes only. All information will be stored anonymously and will remain confidential. On no part of the survey will you be asked to provide any identifying information, so no one will be able to link responses to your name. Also, only the researchers conducting the survey will have access to the data. PARTICIPATION AND WITHDRAWL Participation in this study is completely voluntary. If you volunteer to participate, you may withdraw from the study at any time by clicking the “X” in the upper right hand corner of your screen, closing the browser window. You may also refuse to answer any questions you do not want to answer and continue to complete the questionnaires, and by completing this study, you are not waiving any legal claims, rights, or remedies because of your participation in this research study. You may withdraw or discontinue your participation at any time. IDENTICFICATION OF INVESTIGATORS AND REVIEW BOARD If you have any questions or concerns about the research, please feel free to contact the principal Investigator, Steve Gangestad, at Logan Hall, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 or at [email protected]. If you have any other concerns or complaints regarding this study, contact the Institutional Review Board at the University of New Mexico, 1717 Roma NE, Room 205, Albuquerque, NM 87131, (505) 277-2257, or toll free at 1-866-844-9018. I understand the material in this document and give my consent to participate in this research study. I understand that my participation is completely voluntary and I can discontinue my participation at any time. Yes No, I do not wish to participate. Demographics Questionnaire 1. Age 2. Race White/Caucasian Hispanic/Latino African American Native American Other 3. Height 5'3 and below 5'4 - 5'7 5'8 - 5'11 6'0 and above 4. Weight 150 lbs. and below 150 - 200 lbs. 200 - 250 lbs. 250 lbs. and above 5. How strongly do you associate yourself with the gay community? Strongly associate Moderately associate Somewhat associate Do not associate at all Dieting Behaviors Composite DBC The following are statements about how you have been feeling over the past four weeks. Please select one number that best describes how you have been feeling. OVER THE PAST FOUR WEEKS: 1. has feeling bored made you brood about your shape? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 2. Have you been so worried about your shape that you have been feeling you ought to diet? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 3. Have you thought that your thighs, hips or bottom are too large for the rest of you? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 4. Have you been afraid that you might become fat (or fatter)? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 5. Have you worried about your flesh not being firm enough? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 6. Has feeling full (e.g. after eating a large meal) made you feel fat? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 7. Have you felt so bad about your shape that you have cried? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 8. Have you avoided running because your flesh might wobble? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 9. Has being with thin men made you feel self-conscious about your shape? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 10. Have you worried about your thighs spreading out when sitting down? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 11. Has eating even a small amount of food made you feel fat? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 12. Have you noticed the shape of other men and felt that your own shape compared unfavorably? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 13. Has thinking about your shape interfered with your ability to concentrate (e.g. while watching television, reading, listening to conversations)? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 14. Has being naked, such as when taking a bath, made you feel fat? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 15. Have you avoided wearing clothes which make you particularly aware of the shape of your body? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 16. Have you imagined cutting off fleshy areas of your body? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 17. Has eating sweets, cakes, or other high calorie food made you feel fat? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 18. Have you not gone out to social occasions (e.g. parties) because you have felt bad about your shape? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 19. Have you felt excessively large and rounded? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 20. Have you felt ashamed of your body? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 21. Has worry about your shape made you diet? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 22. Have you felt happiest about your shape when your stomach has been empty (e.g. in the morning)? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 23. Have you thought that you are in the shape you are because you lack self-control? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 24. Have you worried about other people seeing rolls of fat around your waist or stomach? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 25. Have you felt that it is not fair that other men are thinner than you? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 26. Have you vomited in order to feel thinner? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 27. When in company have your worried about taking up too much room (e.g. sitting on a sofa, or a bus seat)? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 28. Have you worried about your flesh being dimply? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 29. Has seeing your reflection (e.g. in a mirror or shop window) made you feel bad about your shape? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 30. Have you pinched areas of your body to see how much fat there is? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 31. Have you avoided situations where people could see your body (e.g. communal changing rooms or swimming baths)? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 32. Have you taken laxatives in order to feel thinner? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 33. Have you been particularly self-conscious about your shape when in the company of other people? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always 34. Has worry about your shape made you feel you ought to exercise? 1-never 2-rarely 3-sometimes 4-often 5-very often 6-always Please read each question and select the appropriate number. You should answer according to how you have been feeling over the past FOUR WEEKS. 1. Have you been consciously trying to restrict what you eat whether or not you have succeeded? 0- No attempt at restraint 1- 2-Attempted to exercise on restraint on less than half the days 3- 4-Attempted to exercise restraint on more than half the days 5- 6-Attempted to exercise restraint every day 2. I feel miserable and sad. 0-No, not at all 1- 2-No, not much 3- 4-Yes sometimes 5- 6-Yes, definitely 3. Have you gone for periods of 8 or more waking hours without eating anything? 0-No such days 1- 2-Avoidance on less than half the days 3- 4-Avoidance on more than half the days 5- 6-Avoidance every day 4. Have you wanted your stomach to be empty? 0-No definite desire to have an empty stomach 1- 2-Definite desire to have an empty stomach 3- 4-Definite desire to have an empty stomach on more than half the days 5- 6-Definite desire to have an empty stomach every day 5. I still enjoy the things I used to. 0-Yes, definitely 1- 2-Yes, sometimes 3- 4-No, not much 5- 6-No, not at all 6. Have you been concerned about other people seeing you eat and avoided such occasions? 0-No concern about being seen eating by others and no avoidance of such occasions 1- 2-Has felt slight concern at being seen eating but no avoidance 3- 4-Has felt definite concern and has avoided some such occasions 5- 6-Has felt definite concern and has avoided all such occasions 7. I am restless and can’t keep still 0-No, not at all 1- 2-No, not much 3- 4-Yes, sometimes 5- 6-Yes, definitely 8. Have you spent much time thinking about your shape or weight to the point that it impaired your ability to concentrate? 0-No concentration impairment 1- 2-Concentration impairment on less than half the days 3- 4-Concentration impairment on more than half the days 5- 6-Concentration impairment every day 9. I feel anxious when I go out of the house on my own 0 – No, not at all 1 – 2 – No, not much 3 – 4 – Yes, sometimes 5 – 6 – Yes, definitely 10. Have you been dissatisfied with your weight to the point that it has caused you distress? 0 – No dissatisfaction 1 – 2 – Slight dissatisfaction (no associated distress) 3 – 4 – Moderate dissatisfaction (some associated distress) 5 – 6 – Marked dissatisfaction (extreme concern and distress, weight totally unacceptable) 11. I have lost interest in things 0 – No, not at all 1 – 2 – No, not much 3 – 4 – Yes, sometimes 5 – 6 – Yes, definitely 12. Have you felt guilty after eating? 0 – No guilt after eating 1 – 2 – Has felt guilty after eating on less than half the occasions you have eaten 3 – 4 – Has felt guilty after eating on more than half the occasions you have eaten 5 – 6 – Has felt guilty after eating on every occasion you have eaten 13. I get tired for no reason. 0 – No, not at all 1 – 2 – No, not much 3 – 4 – Yes, sometimes 5 – 6 – Yes, definitely 14. Has thinking about food, eating or calories interfered with your ability to concentrate? 0 – No concentration impairment 1 – 2 - Concentration impairment on less than half the days 3 – 4 – Concentration on more than half the days 5 – 6 – Concentration impairment every day 15. I am more irritable than usual 0 – No, not at all 1 – 2 – No, not much 3 – 4 – Yes, sometimes 5 – 6 – Yes, definitely 16. Have you had a definite desire to have a flat stomach? 0 – No definite desire to have a flat stomach 1 – 2 – Definite desire to have a flat stomach on less than half the days 3 – 4 – Definite desire to have a flat stomach on more than half the days 5 – 6 – Definite desire to have a flat stomach every day 17. I get off to sleep restfully without sleeping tablets 0 – Yes, definitely 1 – 2 – Yes, sometimes 3 – 4 – No, not much 5 – 6 – No, not at all 18. Have you tried to avoid eating any foods that you like, whether or not you have succeeded? 0 – No attempts to avoid food 1 – 2 – Attempted to avoid food on less than half the days 3 - 4 – Attempted to avoid food on more than half the days 5 - 6 – Attempted to avoid food every day 19. I have weeping spells, or feel like it. 0 – No, not at all 1 – 2 – No, not much 3 – 4 – Yes, sometimes 5 – 6 – Yes, definitely 20. Have you tried to follow certain definite rules regarding your eating, for example, a calorie limit, preset quantities of food, or rules about what you should eat or when you should eat? 0 – has not attempted to obey such rules 1 – 2 – Attempted to obey such rules on less than half the days 3 – 4 – Attempted to obey such rules on more than half the days 5 – 6 – Attempted to obey such rules every day 21. I get very frightened or panicky feeling for no apparent reason at all 0 - No, not at all 1 – 2 – No, not much 3 – 4 – Yes, sometimes 5 – 6 – Yes, definitely 22. I wake early and then sleep badly for the rest of the night 0 – No, not at all 1 – 2 – No, not much 3 – 4 – Yes, sometimes 5 – 6 – Yes, definitely 23. Have you been afraid of losing control over eating? 0 – No fear of losing control 1 – 2 – Fear of losing control present on less than half the days. 3 – 4 – Fear of losing control present on more than half the days 5 – 6 – Fear of losing control every day 24. Have you eaten in secret? 0 – Has not eaten in secret 1 – 2 – Has eaten in secret less than half the days 3 – 4 – Has eaten in secret more than half the days 5 – 6 – Has eaten in secret every day 25. Have you had a strong desire to lose weight? 0 – No strong desire to lose weight 1 – 2 – Strong desire present on less than half the days 3 – 4 – Strong desire present on more than half the days 5 – 6 – Strong desire present every day 26. How would you feel if you were asked to weigh yourself once each week for the next 4 weeks? 0 – No reaction 1 – 2 – Slight reaction 3 – 4 – Moderate reaction (definite reaction but manageable) 5 – 6 – Marked reaction (pronounced reaction which would affect other aspects of your life) 27. Have you been dissatisfied with your shape so that it has caused distress? 0 – No dissatisfaction with shape 1 – 2 – Slight dissatisfaction with shape (no associated distress) 3 – 4 – Moderate dissatisfaction with shape (some associated distress) 5 – 6 – Marked dissatisfaction with shape (extreme concern and distress, shape totally unacceptable) 28. Has your shape been important in influencing how you feel about (judge, think, evaluate) yourself as a person? 0 – No importance 1 – 2 – Some importance (definitely an aspect of self-evaluation) 3 – 4 – Moderate importance (definitely one of the main aspects of self-evaluation) 5 – 6 – Supreme importance (nothing is more important in your scheme for self-evaluation 29. Has your weight been important in influencing how you feel about (judge, think, evaluate) 0 – No importance 1 – 2 – Some importance (definitely an aspect of self-evaluation) 3 – 4 – Moderate importance (definitely one of the main aspects of self-evaluation) 5 – 6 – Supreme importance (Nothing is more important in your scheme for self- evaluation) 30. Have you been afraid that you might gain weight (or become fat)? 0 – No definite fear of fatness or weight gain 1 – 2 – Definite fear of fatness or weight gain present on less than half the days 3 – 4 – Definite fear of fatness or weight gain present on more than half the days 5 – 6 – Definite fear of fatness or weight gain present every day 31. Have you felt uncomfortable seeing your body, for example, in the mirror, in shop window reflections, while undressing, or while taking a bath or shower? 0 – No discomfort about seeing body 1 – 2 – Some discomfort about seeing body 3 – 4 – Definite discomfort about seeing body 5 – 6 – Definite discomfort about seeing body, and has attempted to avoid all such occasions (i.e. you have attempted to not see your body at all even when washing) 32. Have you felt uncomfortable about others seeing your body, for example, in communal changing rooms, when swimming, or when wearing clothes that show your shape? 0 – No discomfort about others seeing body 1 – 2 – Some discomfort about others seeing body 3 – 4 – Definite discomfort about others seeing body 5 – 6 – Definite discomfort about others seeing body, and has attempted to avoid all such occasions 33. I find it easy to do things I used to do 0 – Yes, definitely 1 – 2 – Yes, sometimes 3 – 4 – No, not much 5 – 6 – No, not at all 34. Have you felt fat? 0 – Has not felt fat 1 – 2 – Has felt fat on less than half the days 3 – 4 – Has felt fat on more than half the days 5 – 6 – Has felt fat every day 35. Have you been trying to lose weight, and make sure that you do not gain weight? 0 – No attempts either to lose weight or to avoid weight gain over the past three months 1 – Attempts either to lose weight or avoid weight gain over the past three months for reasons concerning shape or weight 2 – Attempts either to lose weight or to avoid weight gain over the past three months due to other reasons Gender Role Inventory GRI Please rate yourself on each item, on a scale from 1 (never or almost never true) to 7 (almost always true). 1. Self-reliant Never or almost never true Almost always true 2. yielding Never or almost never true Almost always true 3. helpful Never or almost never true Almost always true 4. my own beliefs Never or almost never true Almost always true 5. cheerful Never or almost never true Almost always true 6. moody Never or almost never true Almost always true 7. independent Never or almost never true Almost always true 8. shy Never or almost never true Almost always true 9. conscientious Never or almost never true Almost always true 10. athletic Never or almost never true Almost always true 11. affectionate Never or almost never true Almost always true 12. theatrical Never or almost never true Almost always true 13. assertive Never or almost never true Almost always true 14. flatterable Never or almost never true Almost always true 15. happy Never or almost never true Almost always true 16. strong personality Never or almost never true Almost always true 17. loyal Never or almost never true Almost always true 18. unpredictable Never or almost never true Almost always true 19. forceful Never or almost never true Almost always true 20. feminine Never or almost never true Almost always true 21. reliable Never or almost never true Almost always true 22. analytical Never or almost never true Almost always true 23. sympathetic Never or almost never true Almost always true 24. jealous Never or almost never true Almost always true 25. leadership ability Never or almost never true Almost always true 26. sensitive to others' needs Never or almost never true Almost always true 27. truthful Never or almost never true Almost always true 28. willing to take risks Never or almost never true Almost always true 29. understanding Never or almost never true Almost always true 30. secretive Never or almost never true Almost always true 31. makes decisions easily Never or almost never true Almost always true 32. compassionate Never or almost never true Almost always true 33. sincere Never or almost never true Almost always true 34. self-sufficient Never or almost never true Almost always true 35. eager to soothe hurt feelings Never or almost never true Almost always true 36. conceited Never or almost never true Almost always true 37. dominant Never or almost never true Almost always true 38. soft-spoken Never or almost never true Almost always true 39. likable Never or almost never true Almost always true 40. masculine Never or almost never true Almost always true 41. warm Never or almost never true Almost always true 42. solemn Never or almost never true Almost always true 43. willing to take a stand Never or almost never true Almost always true 44. tender Never or almost never true Almost always true 45. friendly Never or almost never true Almost always true 46. aggressive Never or almost never true Almost always true 47. gullible Never or almost never true Almost always true 48. inefficient Never or almost never true Almost always true 49. acts like a leader Never or almost never true Almost always true 50. childlike Never or almost never true Almost always true 51. adaptable Never or almost never true Almost always true 52. individualistic Never or almost never true Almost always true 53. does not use harsh language Never or almost never true Almost always true 54. unsystematic Never or almost never true Almost always true 55. competitive Never or almost never true Almost always true 56. loves children Never or almost never true Almost always true 57. tactful Never or almost never true Almost always true 58. ambitious Never or almost never true Almost always true 59. gentle Never or almost never true Almost always true 60. conventional Never or almost never true Almost always true Debriefing Statement Debriefing Statement Thank you for your participation in this study. The survey you just completed is an attempt to better understand how levels of masculinity in homosexual men relate to their dieting behaviors and potential disordered eating habits. A more specific understanding of this relationship is needed to identify the reasons behind a higher occurrence of disordered eating than has been observed in homosexual men. The information you have provided will aid in developing future studies that address this relationship further. Once again, thank you for your participation. If you have any questions regarding your participation, or do not understand any part of the study, please feel free to contact the Principal Investigator, Steve Gangestad by e-mail at [email protected]. If you are feeling upset or otherwise distressed by the material covered in the questionnaires you filled out, the following crisis resources are available to you. They can provide you with immediate counseling and can refer you to an appropriate agency in your area where you may talk to a trained professional about your feelings. The Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender National Hotline-1-888-843-4564 The Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender website-www.glnh.org AGORA-UNM Crisis Center-1-505-277-3013 The Hopeline Network-1-800-784-2433

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